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A valid VIN is 17 characters long. It contains only letters and numbers, except for the letters i , o and q . iVIN Reports are available only for US passenger vehicles model years 1981 and newer.

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What Should You Know Before Buying or Selling a Car?

Vehicle history reports are important, but they only give some of the answers you should know before buying or selling a vehicle.

iVIN Reports are powered by iSeeCars' award-winning data analysis. Try our comprehensive VIN checks to get all of the answers you need, make an informed decision and have peace of mind.

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3 Important Questions Our Reports Answer

What's a fair price for this car?

Know the fair local market value and compare the price with siimlar cars for sale near you.

How does this vehicle compare?

Find out the average mileage for similar cars, key price considerations and iSeeCars listing history.

What else should I know or check?

Check open recalls and reported thefts, and see unbiased dealer ratings all in one place

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Here's what other ivin users are saying:.

I just downloaded the app, I'm very impressed with the plethora off of information! Being of a particular age and being female the unfortunate reality is a lot of scammers out there and it's great to have background knowledge on a vehicle. Now I can educate before purchasing another car.

Excellent info on my vehicle. I'm glad I checked, now I know the actual value of my Blazer. Had posted it for way less than what it's actually worth . Thank you I would if made a big mistake selling any cheaper.

Great app! Finally an app that actually is free like it says and works! I've been trying for over a year to find out info with a VIN check on my car and this one worked!

How To Run a Free VIN Check

What is a vin or vehicle identification number.

VIN stands for "vehicle identification number." It is the unique code assigned by manufacturers for a specific automobile. A VIN is the automotive equivalent of a social security number. No two vehicles in operation have the same VIN.

A VIN is made up of 17 alphanumeric characters with each letter or number revealing identifying information about the vehicle including year, make, model, engine size, manufacturer, manufacturing location, and safety features. Along with providing vehicle specifications, a VIN can also be used to identify past or open recalls, registrations, warranty claims and status, insurance coverage and theft records.

Why is checking a VIN on a used car important?

How do i look up a vin number to get a free iseecars vin report.

You can sign up to get 5 free lookups and access 5 full VIN reports every month. Low-cost paid subscription plans are also available if you want to see more reports.

Here's where you can look up one of our free VIN reports:

• Desktop computer or mobile website - Free VIN lookup
• iSeeCars free mobile Android and iOS VIN apps - Download our app so you can quickly scan a vehicle's barcode and instantly view the VIN report
• All used car listings on the iSeeCars website - Click the "Full Report" button to see the report
• Google Chrome extension - Automatically generates our iVIN report when a VIN is found on any website you're browsing, like Craigslist and car shopping sites

How can I check a car's vehicle history report for free?

Some iSeeCars reports include a free vehicle history report when it's provided by the vehicle's seller. These CARFAX or AutoCheck vehicle history summaries provide helpful information about a car's past, including reported accidents, the number of previous owners, and a reported salvage title. Knowing the free vehicle history info helps you better understand the condition of the vehicle and anticipate future problems.

Can I look up my vehicle specs by VIN number?

Yes. iSeeCars iVIN Data Reports include key vehicle specifications, including trim, color, transmission type, drivetrain, engine type, towing capacity and more. These specs also show how the car compares to the average for its vehicle class.

Can I check safety recalls and recall information by VIN number?

Yes. Each iSeeCars iVIN Data Report includes a free recall check that indicates if there are any open or past recalls for the vehicle. The VIN report also links to the NHTSA database, which identifies (a) if there is an open recall for any new or used cars and (b) information about all past recalls for the vehicle, including safety-related recalls such as those involving Takata airbags.

Along with being a safety hazard, unresolved recalls including emissions recalls can result in a failed vehicle inspection. If a vehicle has an open recall, ask the seller to address the recall notice because it will likely involve recall repairs.

Is a VIN always 17 digits?

Beginning in 1981, all vehicles are required to have a 17-digit VIN. Vehicles manufactured before 1981 have VINs that are between 11 and 17 characters.

In 1981, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) standardized how VINs are formatted. Under the NHTSA standard, a VIN is composed of 17 characters consisting of numbers and letters, and each set of numbers has a specific meaning. A VIN never includes the letters I, O and Q to avoid being mistaken for 1 and 0 (zero).

Can VIN numbers be changed?

It's a federal crime to alter, remove or tamper with a vehicle's VIN number.

Where Can I Find a Car's VIN?

The Dashboard

The VIN is usually located on the dashboard of the driver's side of a vehicle. It can be found by standing outside of the car and looking at the corner where the dashboard meets the windshield.

The Door Jamb

If you don't see the VIN on the dashboard, it can be found by opening the driver's side door and looking inside the door jamb. A VIN is also included on a vehicle's registration, vehicle title and insurance card.

How To Decode VIN Number Characters

There are 17 digits or characters in each vehicle's unique VIN. Here is what each VIN digit represents to help you better understand your vehicle.

Digit 1: Country of Origin

The first digit specifies where the vehicle was manufactured. Here are the most common country codes and countries:

• United States
• Foreign vehicle made in the US

Digits 2-3: Manufacturer & Division

The second digit identifies the specific vehicle's manufacturer. It's often the first letter of the manufacturer's name, such as B for BMW vehicles.

Since some characters can stand for multiple manufacturers, the third digit combines with the first two to indicate the specific manufacturing division. For example, JM1 can designate Mazda, while JMB can designate Mitsubishi. The first three digits together are known as the World Manufacturer Identifier (WMI).

Here are some of the commonly used second digits:

• General Motors (Chevrolet, GMC, Cadillac, Buick)

Digits 4-8: Vehicle Descriptor Section

These characters identify specific details about the car's vehicle type.

• Digit 4: Safety features and information specific to the model
• Digit 5: The vehicle's series
• Digits 6 & 7: Bodystyle and body type
• Digit 8: Engine size

Digit 9: Security Code

The ninth digit is the check digit, which is a security code used to help detect incorrect VINs, based on US Department of Transportation guidelines.

Digit 10: Model Year

The tenth digit represents the vehicle's model year.

• 1981-2000: Designated by the letters B through Y, with the letters I, O, Q, U and Z excluded.
• 2001-2009: Designated by the numbers 1 through 9 indicate the model years 2001 through 2009.
• 2010-Present: In 2010, the alphabet cycle started again with A and will continue through the year 2030. In 2031, the number cycle of 1 through 9 will start again until 2039.

Digit 11: Manufacturing Plant

The eleventh digit indicates the vehicle's assembly plant. Each vehicle manufacturer has its own set of plant codes. For example, these are the VIN characters for some of Toyota's many manufacturing plants: R for Lafayette, Indiana; S for Princeton, Indiana; and U for Georgetown, Kentucky.

Digits 12-17: Production Serial Numbers

These ending digits are the production line numbers that represent the vehicle's unique production or serial number. (Digits 10-17 are collectively known as the Vehicle Identifier Section.)

VIN Decoders for All Makes

• Aston Martin
• Lamborghini
• Mercedes-Benz
• Rolls-Royce

VIN Check by State

Your car research just got easier. Scan and look up VINs with our free app.

Buying or selling a car? Get a free VIN Check

Research any vehicle history in seconds using a VIN Number.

Run a comprehensive VIN check and access a full vehicle history for free

Free specifications.

Pull up the complete list of specifications incl. include performance & fuel efficiency, handling & braking, exterior & aerodynamics, etc.

Free Problem Checks

Check for critical issues reported including active theft reports and recoveries, salvage and auction records, accident records, flood checks, and recalls.

Free Recalls and Defects

Check if the car was reported by the manufacturer or NHSTA as defective. Check for any safety-related defects and that it fully complies with safety standards.

Free Vehicle Sales History

View historical listings of this vehicle for sale, either by a private party or by a car dealership. In some cases, this can give you an idea of when the vehicle was sold and the price.

Free Title History

Receive a full title history and check for 70+ title problems submitted to the National Motor Vehicle Information System (NMVTIS) from DMVs, junk and salvage yards, etc.

Free Buyer Resources

Access additional information including market reports, ownership costs, download inspection checklists, and other available resources from our partners.

Buying or selling a car? Get a free VIN Check.

Check for potential problems before buying a used car

It has been widely reported that there are bogus sellers that tampers with the odometer or the VIN to hide certain car issues.

Through our partnership with government agencies and industry partners, our free VIN check pulls the following data

Vehicle specifications ✓, vehicle title records  ✓, vehicle title brands  ✓, total loss records  ✓, scrap records  ✓, open lien records  ✓, impound records  ✓, export records  ✓.

✓ Accident Records

✓  sales records, ✓ market value, ✓  theft records, ✓  ownership cost, ✓  equipment details, ✓  safety ratings, ✓  recalls and defects, ✓ vehicle specifications, ✓ vehicle title records, ✓ vehicle title brands, ✓ total loss records, ✓ scrap records, ✓ open lien records, ✓ impound records, ✓ export records, ✓ sales records, ✓ theft records, ✓ ownership cost, ✓ equipment details, ✓ safety ratings, ✓ recalls and defects, buying a used car more securely shouldn’t be a business.

Running a VIN check has always been a popular practice for every used car buyer — but doing this used to be very expensive. Through our website, we provide a way for used car buyers and sellers to run a VIN check and access historical data for free — no credit card required, no hidden costs or fees.

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3 Ways To Get a Free VIN Check Before Buying a Used Car

Every vehicle has its own number, appropriately called a Vehicle Identification Number: VIN for short. Researching that number can tell you a lot, including the car’s registration(s) by state, type of title and whether anyone’s made an insurance claim on the vehicle following an accident.

There are several ways to get a VIN checked that won’t cost a penny. You can even get one on your current car if you’re just curious about its history before you owned it.

This article was updated in January 2024 and I review it every month.

Here’s Where To Get a Completely Free VIN Check!

There are a variety of services you can use for a completely free VIN check before you buy a used car .

Getting a VIN check is especially important if you’re buying a car through Craigslist or eBay since you’re not working with a dealership that could provide free access to paid sites such CARFAX , AutoCheck or autoDNA.com .

You can get a free VIN check at the National Insurance Crime Bureau (NICB), VehicleHistory.com or iSeeCars.com/VIN .

Just pop in your car’s digits and these sites will do the VIN lookup and give you information on the vehicle.

But you should use more than one of these sites to get the full picture. Read on to find out why.

Table of Contents: 

National insurance crime bureau, vehiclehistory, how to decode your vin.

• Clark’s Key Rules for Used-Car Buying

The National Insurance Crime Bureau (NICB.org) keeps it simple with its VIN check search tool . The site will tell you if your vehicle has been:

• Reported as lost or stolen
• Declared a total loss following an accident

This is the most basic of the completely free VIN checks you can get, and this site is limited to five searches within a 24-hour period per IP address.

To get your report, visit the website and enter your car’s VIN number under “Look Up a VIN.” You can also take a photo of your car’s VIN number and upload it to the website instead of typing it in. Once you agree to the terms and conditions and verify that you aren’t a robot, you can click “Search VIN.”

From there, you’ll see the VIN check results.

For a more complete VIN lookup, VehicleHistory is a free option that provides other data like fuel economy, cost to own and price analysis.

Other things you’ll get in this free VIN lookup include:

• Selling history
• Current recall information
• Detailed list of the expiration of manufacturer warranties
• Price predictions about the best time to buy a particular make and model

To get your free VIN report through VehicleHistory, enter your car’s VIN number on the homepage.

iSeeCars offers another robust free VIN check experience. Culling 200 data points, your free car history report from iSeeCars includes the following:

• Accident history
• Market value
• Price analysis
• Price history
• Projected depreciation
• The best times to buy and sell

The limit is five searches per month. To get your free VIN check from iSeeCars, enter your VIN number at the top of the page and click “Check This VIN.”

VINs come in two lengths: 17 characters or 11 characters. Every motor vehicle that’s on the road today has a unique VIN.

While a VIN may seem like a meaningless string of numbers, there are a few keys to decoding it.

• The first character of your VIN indicates the country of origin.
• The second and third characters tell you the manufacturer and division.
• The fourth through eighth characters indicate vehicle description, safety and type of engine.
• The ninth character is the manufacturer’s security code.
• The 10th character tells you the vehicle’s model year.
• The 11th character is the assembly plant identifier.
• Characters 12 through 17 are the plant sequential number/vehicle serial number.

Clark’s Key Rules of Used-Car Buying

If you’re searching for a free VIN report, chances are you’re looking to buy a used car. According to money expert Clark Howard , buying used can be a smart move for your wallet. But it does come with some possible pitfalls you’ve got to watch out for.

Here’s what you need to know after you pull a free vehicle history report but before you buy.

Have a Mechanic Check the Vehicle Before You Buy It

It is possible that a free VIN check could come back clean with no accidents listed even though the car has clearly had major repairs.

This would be likely if a previous owner paid for repairs out of pocket instead of making an insurance claim. So use these services as a tool, but don’t rely on the information to be 100% accurate.

For real peace of mind when you’re buying a used vehicle, you’ve got to hire an independent mechanic to take a look at the vehicle before you agree to buy it.

The reality is that all used cars are sold “as is,” whether by a private seller or a licensed dealer unless they come with a written warranty. Worse yet, the seller is not required by law to be honest about the condition of the vehicle.

For that reason, one of Clark Howard’s key rules of used car buying is to get an inspection from a certified diagnostic mechanic before you buy. If you leave a deposit on the vehicle, make sure you get it in writing that the seller will return your deposit if the car doesn’t check out. Clark says you can eliminate nine out of 10 used car buying disasters this way.

When looking for an independent mechanic, you want to see ASE (Automotive Service Excellence) certification. Garages that participate in what’s called the Blue Seal program typically feature the most highly trained ASE-certified mechanics. Visit ASE.com to find one near you.

Watch Out for Hidden Flood Damage

In the aftermath of any major hurricane or widespread flooding, you have to worry about flooded vehicles entering the used car market. Following Hurricane Katrina, hundreds of thousands of vehicles were rebuilt and had their titles “washed,” Clark notes.

That’s when dishonest people take flooded vehicles into states where they can easily modify the titles. This removes any evidence that a vehicle was ever in a flood. Cars with washed titles can then be sold to dealerships that either don’t know or don’t care that they’re buying flooded vehicles.

These cars often end up in the hands of “curb stoners,” illegal dealers who run ads in the paper. They pretend they’re selling their sister’s car or their mother’s car and they hope you don’t know what they know. About 20% of these cars go to unsuspecting people overseas. Clark says the other 80% stay right here at home.

To the naked eye, there’s usually no way to tell what’s wrong with these cars. But you’ll know you’ve got a flood car when you encounter failed electrical systems throughout the vehicle.

Again, it all comes back to the need for a good diagnostic mechanic to inspect the car thoroughly before you buy it!

Final Thoughts

Getting a free VIN check from the sites listed here is a great first step to take when you’re thinking about buying a used vehicle.

All the data you get back on your free VIN reports should match up across providers. If there’s no match, that’s a potential sign that the vehicle has undergone VIN forgery, and that should certainly give you pause before you move ahead with the purchase.

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Research, Compare, Decide

When it comes to buying a used car, it’s essential to do your research and gather as much information as possible. VINCheckPro offers a comprehensive vehicle history report that can give you valuable insight into a car’s past. This report includes information about accidents, damage, ownership history, and more, allowing you to make an informed decision about whether a car is a good purchase. With VINCheckPro’s easy-to-use platform, you can quickly enter the vehicle’s VIN number and receive an instant report. Whether you’re a car buyer, seller, or simply curious about a vehicle’s history, VINCheckPro’s research page provides a wealth of valuable information to help you make the best decision possible.

Car Research 101: Your Guide to Finding the Best Car

Car research has changed significantly over the years. Before the Internet, buyers relied only on firsthand experience, expert opinions, and advice from others to make informed decisions about buying a car.  Today, all of these sources are just one click away. Researching online provides a convenient way to gather a vast amount of information quickly and easily. Now you can compare different makes and models, new and used, read car reviews from experts and other owners, check pricing and availability, find the best deals, and even make purchases without ever leaving your home. With a wider range of information sources, you can get the latest data about various models and automotive technologies. Online research can save time and money by allowing you to narrow down your options and list your top choices before visiting dealerships, which can help streamline the buying process.

Generally, online sources offer consumers three options for researching a car: brand, style, and price. Here is a basic guide to give you a head start on your search for the right car for you and your family.

Car research and vehicle history by VIN check

The history of a vehicle can tell you a lot about its condition, safety, and overall value. That’s why researching a car’s history is essential when you’re in the market for a used car. By obtaining a vehicle history report, you can access information such as accident history, maintenance records, ownership history, and any liens or outstanding recalls.

This information can help you make an informed decision about whether a car is worth purchasing or not. For example, a car with a clean history and regular maintenance is more likely to be in good condition and provide reliable transportation. On the other hand, a car with a history of accidents or neglect may have hidden damage or underlying mechanical problems that could lead to costly repairs down the road.

VinCheckPro.com offers an absolutely free VIN check that will allow you to lookup your VIN and get a free vehicle history report using the VIN or license plate. You can either run a VIN Check by Make or VIN Checy by State.

VIN check by Make

BMW | Toyota | Ford | Hyundai | Nissan | Tesla | Subaru | Volkswagen | Acura | Alfa Romeo | Aston Martin | Audi | Bentley | Bugatti | Buick | Cadillac | Chevrolet | Chrysler | Dodge | Ferrari | Fiat | Honda | Hummer | Jeep | Infiniti | Isuzu | Jaguar | KIA | Lamborghini | Land Rover | Lexus | Lincoln | Lotus | Maserati | Mazda | Mclaren | Mercedes-Benz | Mercury | Mitsubishi | Pontiac | Porsche | Rolls-Royce | Saab | Saturn | Suzuki | Volvo

VIN check by State

Florida | Texas | California | Illinois | Alabama | Alaska | Arizona | Arkansas | Colorado | Connecticut | Delaware | Georgia | Hawaii | Idaho | Indiana | Iowa | Kansas | Kentucky | Louisiana | Maine | Maryland | Massachusetts | Michigan | Minnesota | Mississippi | Missouri | Montana | Nebraska | Nevada | New Hampshire | New Jersey | New Mexico | New York | North Carolina | North Dakota | Ohio | Oklahoma | Oregon | Pennsylvania | Rhode Island | South Carolina | South Dakota | Tennessee | Utah | Washington | Vermont | Virginia | West Virginia | Wisconsin | Wyoming

Car research by vehicle type, body style or class

When it comes to personal transportation, there are many types of vehicles to choose from, each with its own unique set of features and uses that match your needs and lifestyle. By understanding the characteristics and uses of each type of vehicle, car buying can be easier and more systematic. One of the most recognizable automobile features is body style. This is the design and shape of the exterior, including the roofline, windows, doors, and overall silhouette.  It can significantly affect functionality, comfort, and resale value.

• Coupes have two doors and a sleek, sloping roofline that often sacrifices rear-seat headroom and comfort for a sporty and aerodynamic look. This type is preferred by performance enthusiasts and those who value style over practicality.
• Convertibles , or cabriolets, have a retractable roof that allows the driver and passengers to enjoy an open-air driving experience. Perfect for sunny days and warm weather, convertibles can also be equipped with a retractable hardtop for year-round use.
• Hatchbacks are equipped with a rear door that swings upward to allow access to the cargo area. Its design offers a balance between the practicality of a sedan and the versatility of an SUV, with enough cargo space to carry larger items and foldable rear seats for added flexibility.
• Pickup trucks are designed to carry cargo in an open bed behind the cab. Often equipped with four-wheel drive for off-road driving, they are well-liked by tradespeople, contractors, and outdoor enthusiasts who need to transport large items and equipment. 
• Sedans are four-door units with a separate trunk compartment for luggage. Their practicality and comfortable interiors have made them a favorite among commuters and families, as they provide an excellent option for daily transportation.
• SUVs , or sport utility vehicles, are favored for their versatility and off-road capabilities. Their generally taller build offers more ground clearance than other types, providing a commanding view of the road. They can come in different sizes, from compact crossovers to full-size.
• Vans are larger and designed for carrying passengers, cargo, or both. An assortment of sizes and arrangements are available, ranging from minivans to full-size vans, making them ideal for families or enterprises seeking to transport sizable groups of individuals.
• Wagons are similar to sedans, but with a longer roofline and a larger cargo area behind the rear seats. Families or buyers who require additional storage capacity beyond what a sedan can provide tend to favor them, especially if they do not wish to compromise on maneuverability and fuel economy.

Class is another way of categorizing vehicles based on their size, features, and intended use which are good factors to consider when you research cars. There are different ways to define classes, but one common method is based on size and body style.

• Subcompact: the smallest on the market and typically have two or four doors. Examples include the Honda Fit and Ford Fiesta.
• Compact: slightly larger than the subcompact and can be either sedan or hatchback models. Examples include the Toyota Corolla and Mazda3.
• Midsize: larger than the compact and offer more space and comfort for passengers. Examples include the Honda Accord and Toyota Camry.

Full-size : These are the largest on the market and offer the most space and luxury. Examples include the Chrysler 300 and Chevrolet Impala.

Car research by brand

If you’re looking for a particular brand in mind, you may want to check what other car shoppers have chosen. Here are the most popular brands in the US in the recent decade, based on sales volume:

Toyota : Known for their reliability and fuel efficiency, Toyota is one of the most favored car brands in the US. They have a broad range of models, including sedans, SUVs, trucks, and hybrids. Some of their most well-loved models include the Camry, Corolla, RAV4, and Tacoma.

Ford : One of the most well-known American brands, Ford is known for its power and durability. They have a diverse lineup, including sedans, SUVs, trucks, and electric vehicles. Some of their most popular models include the F-150, Mustang, Explorer, and Escape.

Chevrolet : Another iconic American brand, Chevrolet is known for producing a wide range of options, including sedans, SUVs, trucks, and sports cars. They are particularly known for their trucks, such as the Silverado and Colorado, and their sports cars, such as the Camaro and Corvette.

Honda : a Japanese car brand that is known for its reliability and fuel efficiency. They have a diverse lineup, including sedans, sports utility vehicles, and hybrids. Some of their best models include the Civic, Accord, CR-V, and Pilot.

Nissan : another Japanese car brand that has a broad range of models, including sedans, SUVs, and trucks. They are particularly known for their electric vehicle, the Leaf, and their famous Rogue and Pathfinder.

Jeep : Known for its off-road capability and rugged design, Jeep is an American car brand that is particularly popular for its sports utility vehicles, including the Wrangler, Cherokee, and Grand Cherokee.

RAM : A truck brand that is owned by Dodge and known for producing powerful and durable trucks, such as the RAM 1500 and 2500. RAM trucks are top choices for those who need a heavy-duty truck for work or towing.

GMC : a truck and SUV brand that is owned by General Motors. They are known for producing rugged and capable trucks, such as the Sierra and Canyon, as well as its SUVs, such as the Acadia and Terrain.

Car research by price

These price ranges are estimates and can vary depending on factors such as brand, model, and features. 

Economy or Budget ($15,000 – $25,000)

Typically the most affordable on the market, these are designed to be efficient, practical, and reliable. Examples include the Honda Civic, Toyota Corolla, and Kia Forte.

Mid-Range ($20,000 – $35,000)

These are more expensive than economy cars but offer more features and comfort. They are designed to be practical for everyday use while providing luxury features. Examples of famous mid-range vehicles include the Toyota Camry, Honda Accord, and Nissan Altima.

Luxury ($40,000 – $100,000+)

These are designed to offer the ultimate in comfort, performance, and style. Often purchased by those who want the best of the best, these are typically the most expensive on the market.  Examples of popular luxury models include the Mercedes-Benz S-Class, BMW 7 Series, and Audi A8.

Electric Cars ($20,000 to $100,000)

Chosen due to their efficiency and environmental benefits, these are powered by electricity instead of gasoline. It’s a smart choice for those who want to reduce their carbon footprint. Best examples include the Tesla Model S, Chevrolet Bolt, and Nissan Leaf.

Sports Cars ($25,000 – $150,000+)

These are high performing and designed for speed and handling. They typically come with advanced engines, suspension systems, and braking systems. These are often bought by car enthusiasts who enjoy driving at high speeds.

SUVs and Crossovers ($20,000 – $100,000+)

In demand for their versatility, spacious interiors, and excellent off-road capabilities. They are ideal for families or individuals who require ample space and flexibility.

Trucks ($25,000 – $70,000+)

Known for durability and design that is best for heavy-duty work and towing. They are often purchased by individuals who require hauling or towing capabilities for work or personal use.

Buying a car: Online vs in-store car purchase

Buying a car is a major investment and a significant decision for most people. Traditionally, car buyers would visit dealerships and examine vehicles in person, but the rise of online car purchasing has changed the way many people buy cars. Let’s explore some of the differences between in-store and online car purchases.

In conclusion, in-store car purchases provide personal interaction, negotiation, and test-driving opportunities, while online car purchases offer convenience, a wider selection, and fixed pricing. The decision to buy a car in-store or online ultimately depends on the customer’s preferences and priorities.

Buying a car: new versus used

When it comes to buying a car, one of the main decisions that a buyer must make is whether to purchase a new car or a used car. Both options have their own set of advantages and disadvantages, and the best choice depends on the individual’s priorities and preferences. Here are some key differences to consider when you research and compare new vs used cars:

Ultimately, the decision to purchase a new or used car depends on the buyer’s budget, preferences, and priorities. While a used car may offer a lower price point and more customization options, a new car provides the latest technology and safety features, as well as a manufacturer’s warranty. Weighing the pros and cons of each option can help buyers make an informed decision that meets their needs and budget.

Used Car Research by VinCheckPro: Free VIN Check and License Plate Lookup Tool

There’s a lot to be said about VinCheckPro’s vehicle history report. Clearly, it’s an essential tool that can provide valuable information for free. All you need is either the vehicle identification number (VIN) or the license plate number and you’re ready to browse over tons of information relevant to your car research:

Access critical information about a used car’s history, including accident reports, title history, and outstanding finance or liens.

Verify the authenticity of the vehicle and confirm its details, including make, model, year, and previous owners.

Negotiate a fair price for the car based on its condition and history, potentially avoiding purchasing a car with a hidden history of damage or legal issues.

Start Your Research. Run A VIN Check Today.

An official website of the United States government, Department of Justice.

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Secure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock ( Lock A locked padlock ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Research Vehicle History

Approved nmvtis data providers.

To search NMVTIS to find important vehicle condition and history information, please select a link below for an  Approved NMVTIS Data Provider . The Providers' links below offer NMVTIS data to ALL interested parties (e.g., consumers, car dealerships, financial institutions, etc.).  In the case where an Approved NMVTIS Data Provider has additional businesses approved to provide vehicle history reports, those URLs are listed under the Approved NMVTIS Data Provider.

Approved NMVTIS Data Provider's Links for both Commercial & Public Customers

• Bumper.com An additional website is owned by the Approved NMVTIS Data Provider and sells vehicle history reports that include NMVTIS information; it is:  BeenVerfied.com
• Carsforsale.com An additional website is owned by the Approved NMVTIS Data Provider and sells vehicle history reports that include NMVTIS information; it is:  VehicleHistoryReport.com
• Carvertical.com
• Checkthatvin.com
• Clearvin.com
• EpicVin.com Additional websites are also owned by the Approved NMVTIS Data Provider and sell vehicle history reports that include NMVTIS information; they are: VinGurus.com and Vininspect.com .
• GoodCar.com An additional website is owned by the Approved NMVTIS Data Provider and sells vehicle history reports that include NMVTIS information; it is: InfoTracer, Recordsfinder.com , and StateRecords.org .
• PolarisXchange.com
• Titlecheck.us
• Vinaudit.com Additional websites are also owned by the Approved NMVTIS Data Provider and sell vehicle history reports that include NMVTIS information; they are: VinCheck.Info
• Vindata.com
• Vinsmart.com

Approved NMVTIS Data Provider's Links for Commercial Customers Only

• Experian.com

Go to www.AIB.com

Go to www.Bumper.com

Go to www.CARFAXonline.com

Go to www.CarsForSale.com

Go to CarVertical.com

Go to CheckThatVin.com

Go to ClearVin.com

Go to EpicVin.com

Go to GoodCar.com

Go to PolarisXchange.com

Go to TitleCheck.us

Go to VinAudit.com

Go to www.VINData.com

Go to www.VINsmart.com

Go to Yassi.com

The smaller images are in alphabetical order and in no way is meant to indicate a preference of one provider over another. 

The following is a list of ALL businesses approved to provide NMVTIS vehicle history reports to public and commercial consumers. Some businesses are affiliated with a primary Approved NMVTIS Data Provider (details can be seen above by clicking on the “+” sign). Businesses are listed in alphabetical order with no preference indicated of one provider over another. Please note: Consumers CANNOT receive NMVTIS Vehicle History Reports from Carfax, DMVDesk, or Experian; these entities provide information only to car dealerships.

Please note that when you select one of these providers, you are leaving the U.S. Department of Justice web site and accessing the web site of an approved NMVTIS Vehicle History Report vendor that has agreed to provide NMVTIS reports to the public consistent with federal legal requirements.

To understand what information will be included in an NMVTIS Vehicle History Report, please read: NMVTIS Consumer Access Product Disclaimer (PDF) Understanding an NMVTIS Vehicle History Report

Consumer Resources: Used Car Buying Tips National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) Consumer Safety Advisory (October 10, 2012) (PDF)

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The 4 Best Free VIN Check Sites

Personal Finance

Imagine this: You’ve been saving up to buy a new car for months. You finally find the perfect vehicle and drive it home, only to get a call a few days later.

The car was stolen, and you now need to deal with a police investigation.

Obviously, this scenario is extreme, but it’s not unheard of for consumers to have issues purchasing new or used cars. One way to cut down on potential problems when purchasing a car is to run a VIN report to check out the vehicle’s history before you buy it.

In this article, I’ll explain what a VIN number is, why it’s important, and how to run a free VIN check through the National Insurance Crime Bureau. I’ll also review other options for free VIN reports and discuss whether or not you should pay money for a more detailed VIN report when purchasing a car.

What’s a VIN Number?

A VIN number is an identifying code that’s associated with a specific automobile.

A VIN number is made up of 17 characters (numbers and letters) that act as the vehicle’s fingerprint. No two automobiles have the same VIN number, so you can use a VIN number to track a specific vehicle’s history, registrations, and more.

You can find a car’s VIN number by looking on the driver’s side of the vehicle, either at the corner of the vehicle where the windshield meets the dashboard or on the doorpost of the driver’s side front door. You can also find a VIN number on a vehicle’s insurance card, title, and registration.

Why Should I Check the VIN Number When Buying a Car?

If you’re planning to buy a car (new or used), it’s important to run at least a free VIN report on the car’s VIN number to get a better understanding of its history.

Running a free VIN check on the car will pull up its basic history, including information on previous claims of theft and/or accidents. You’ll want to run a VIN check when purchasing a car to make sure that the car is legally available for purchase and that it’s in good enough condition to drive.

A VIN check will pull up any significant claims that have been made about the car. These include information about if the car was ever stolen and if it was ever subject to serious damage, such as flood, fire, or accident damage.

Reputable car dealerships will often provide you with a copy of the VIN report for the car you’re looking to purchase, free of charge. Your salesman will likely review the report with you, noting the number of owners, any accidents or claims reported on the car, and any other issues of note, such as recalls or leftover warranties.

If you’re buying a car from a dealership that doesn’t offer a free VIN check, or purchasing from a private party, you’ll want to run a free VIN report on your own to check for theft records and major accidents. Depending on the circumstances, you may also want to pay for a more detailed VIN report. I’ll discuss when to purchase a detailed VIN report in a later section.

How to Use the National Insurance Crime Bureau’s Free VIN Check

The National Insurance Crime Bureau is a great resource for running a free VIN lookup search to check for theft and total loss records. In this section, I’ll talk you through how to use the NICB as a resource to check the history of an automobile.

The first thing you need to run a free VIN lookup at NCIB is the VIN number of the vehicle you’re looking up. As I mentioned earlier, you can find a vehicle’s VIN number on the driver’s side of the car, either where the dashboard meets the window, or in the driver’s side door.

After you have the VIN number in question, go to the NICB VinCheck page and enter the VIN number where it says “Step 1.”

Check the box to agree to the terms and conditions of use in “Step 2.”

Enter the verification code that appears in the box for “Step 3,” then hit “search.” You’ll be taken to a page that displays the results of your free VIN lookup.

You’ll receive information about the vehicle’s theft and total loss records. A theft record indicates that the car has been marked as stolen at some point in its history, while a total loss record means that the car has been damaged and marked as a loss in an accident, flood, or fire.

If your VIN number shows that the vehicle has not been identified, as shown in the above screenshot, that means that the vehicle has never been stolen or had any significant damage that would signify a total loss, e.g., the car's been declared totaled. The vehicle will only be listed in this database if theft or loss records have been generated.

If your vehicle shows that there’s a record for either theft or total loss, you’ll want to do more research to find out the exact details of the situation to determine if the vehicle is suitable for purchase.

Other Free VIN Check Options

You can get a free VIN check from a number of other sites as well. In general, these sites offer more detailed VIN reports than that of the National Insurance Crime Bureau. You can also pay at each of these sites to upgrade your VIN check and receive more information about the car you're purchasing.

CarFax is known as a leader in provided detailed VIN reports to consumers. In fact, many car dealerships will show you the CarFax report for the vehicle you’re looking to purchase. While the most detailed CarFax reports cost money, you can get a basic VIN report on used cars listed on CarFax’s website for free. These reports show accidents reported, owner history, usage information, and service history.

#2: Research.com

Research.com provides the most comprehensive free VIN report , offering extensive details about the vehicle’s inspection and performance records, safety ratings, warranty, and more. It will also tell you when and where the vehicle has been listed for sale, as well as its sale price.

#3: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration offers a VIN lookup that gives you information about the car’s make and model, so you can know if it’s under any recall orders. Knowing about recall orders will help you decide if the car is safe to drive and if it’s facing any lengthy or costly repairs.

Should You Pay for a More Detailed VIN Report?

When should you pay for a more detailed VIN report? Well, a lot of it depends on how much detail you want to know about your car’s history.

In general, it’s a good idea to purchase a detailed VIN report if you’re buying a used car and you can’t get one for free from the dealership or individual you’re working with. More detailed VIN reports are fairly cheap - $39.99 to check a single VIN number on CarFax, or $59.99 if you want to check a bundle of five different VIN numbers.

Detailed VIN reports go into much more depth about the overall condition of the vehicle. For instance, CarFax’s detailed VIN reports offer comprehensive information about recalls, repairs, dates and times of servicing, and an overall evaluation of the vehicle’s condition.

Knowing the vehicle’s condition is important for two reasons. First, it helps ensure that you’re purchasing a car that’ll actually run for you. Second, it lets you know if you’re paying a fair price for the car.

Learning about a previous owner’s service records is important as well, as it shows that the car has been properly maintained. Likewise, learning about recalls and warranty information can save you money on repairs and routine service in the long run.

If you’re purchasing a new car, you probably don’t need a detailed VIN report, as it won’t tell you much information about the car, since a new car won’t have any ownership or accident records.

Review: How to Check a VIN Number for Free

A VIN number is like a car’s fingerprint—you can look it up to learn about the car’s history.

When purchasing a car, it’s important to run at least a free VIN check to lookup the car’s history and ensure that it doesn’t have any open theft or total loss records.

You can also pay for more detailed VIN reports that offer information on a car’s service and ownership history, as well as detailed information about the car’s value.

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Hayley Milliman is a former teacher turned writer who blogs about education, history, and technology. When she was a teacher, Hayley's students regularly scored in the 99th percentile thanks to her passion for making topics digestible and accessible. In addition to her work for PrepScholar, Hayley is the author of Museum Hack's Guide to History's Fiercest Females.

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VIN Decoder & Lookup

Free Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) Decoder & Lookup

• Official data from NHTSA
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What is a VIN Number?

A Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) is a unique code assigned to every motor vehicle when it's manufactured. This 17-character string of letters and numbers, excluding the letters Q (q), I (i), and O (o) to avoid confusion with the numbers 0 and 1, provides specific details about the vehicle's manufacturer, model, year, and place of production, without intervening spaces. Each section of the VIN offers distinct information about the vehicle, including the make, model, year, and the serial number. This alphanumeric code, typically found printed in a single line on the vehicle's chassis or documents, is essential for registration, insurance, and tracking the vehicle's history.

How to Find It

Finding your vehicle's VIN is straightforward. Here's where to look:

• Passenger Cars: Check the front of the dashboard on the driver's side. View it from outside the vehicle through the windshield. Also, inspect the driver's side door pillar—open the door to find the VIN where the door latches.
• Motorcycles: Typically found on the steering neck below the handlebars, but it could also be on the motor or on the frame near the motor.
• Semitrailers: Look on the front part of the semitrailer on the left side.

For a thorough verification, performing a chassis number check can help ensure that all the vehicle details match the official records.

If you're unable to locate the VIN on the vehicle, it can also be found on:

• Your vehicle's title documents.
• Liability insurance documents.

How to Check a Specific Number

Enter your vehicle's 17-character Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) in the field above to look up and receive an instant report on its manufacturer, brand, make and model, body style, engine size, assembly plant, and model year. The information is provided by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) from the data submitted by the manufacturers to NHTSA. The VIN Decoder lookup is intended for use with vehicles manufactured since 1981. If your vehicle was made before 1981, the VIN will most likely contain 11 characters.

How to Read the Different Components

Wondering what all the characters in your vehicle's VIN stand for?

Model Year Character Codes

The table below shows the model year character codes used in VINs. These codes help you determine the exact year of manufacture for any vehicle. VINs are standardized globally, and the model year character is a crucial part of this identification system.

Understanding these codes can help you verify the authenticity and age of a vehicle, whether it's a car, truck, motorcycle, or any other motor vehicle. Here are some examples from various manufacturers:

• Example: A Ford Mustang with a VIN of 1FAFP42X4WF123456 has a model year character of "W," indicating it was manufactured in 1998.
• Example: A Toyota Camry with a VIN of JTDBE32K502123456 has a model year character of "5," indicating it was manufactured in 2005.
• Example: A Honda Civic with a VIN of 2HGFG12688H123456 has a model year character of "8," indicating it was manufactured in 2008.
• Example: A Chevrolet Silverado with a VIN of 1GCRCREC0EZ123456 has a model year character of "E," indicating it was manufactured in 2014.

World Manufacturer Identifier (WMI)

The World Manufacturer Identifier (WMI) is a critical component for VIN number lookup, indicating the country where the vehicle was manufactured. This table provides a comprehensive overview of WMI codes for vehicles from around the world, helping you trace the origin of any vehicle.

General WMIs by Region:

• 1, 4, 5 = United States
• KL = South Korea
• W = Germany
• VF = France

Historical Context:

Vehicle manufacturing is a global industry, with key production hubs spread across North America, Europe, and Asia. Each region has developed unique specialties, from the precision engineering of Germany to the innovative designs from Japan and the large-scale production capabilities of the United States.

Production Volume and Global Distribution:

Understanding WMI codes helps in appreciating the scale and diversity of global vehicle production. Major automotive brands operate plants worldwide to meet regional demands and leverage local expertise, ensuring a steady supply of vehicles tailored to different markets.

Trivia and Fun Facts:

• The first character of the VIN, representing the WMI, can tell you whether a vehicle was made in North America (1, 4, 5), Europe (S-Z), or Asia (J-R).
• Some high-performance and luxury vehicles have unique WMIs due to their exclusive manufacturing processes and locations, like "WAU" for Audi in Germany or "ZAM" for Maserati in Italy.

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VIN Decoder

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration is an operating administration of the United States Department of Transportation and is the federal agency responsible for improving motor vehicle safety on United States roadways. As part of our mission, NHTSA develops certain standards for motor vehicle safety and reporting. Under NHTSA’s regulations, each motor vehicle must contain a vehicle identification number, also known as a VIN, which is a 17-character number that encodes specific information about the particular vehicle.

On NHTSA.gov, you can query a particular vehicle’s VIN to identify specific information encoded in the number. NHTSA’s VIN decoder is publicly accessible at: https://vpic.nhtsa.dot.gov/decoder/ .

Using NHTSA's VIN Decoder to Identify a Vehicle’s Plant of Manufacture

Among the information NHTSA's VIN decoder provides is information about the vehicle’s plant of manufacture. After searching a VIN, you'll see the build plant and country for the vehicle in question. This is a two-step process:

Step 1: Go to https://vpic.nhtsa.dot.gov/decoder/ and enter the full VIN into NHTSA’s VIN decoder, then click Decode VIN .

Step 2: Refer to the field at the bottom of the page result, which expressly lists the build plant and country for the searched vehicle. 

Note:  The information displayed through the VIN decoder is reported by the manufacturer. If you have further questions regarding this information, please contact the vehicle manufacturer. In addition, more information may be available on a label affixed to the vehicle. See 49 C.F.R. Part 583.

• Free VIN Check

VIN Decoder

Vin decoder & lookup – decode any vin number for free.

When it comes to car ownership and purchasing, having detailed information about a vehicle is a must. A VIN decoding tool reveals valuable insights into a vehicle’s history, features, and specifications. VinCheck.info’s free VIN decoder provides a thorough examination of any car’s background, ensuring well-informed decisions. Explore the significance of VINs and how to use a decoder for VINs effectively. Check out the unique features of VinCheck.info, answers to common questions about VIN decoding, and additional resources.

What is a VIN?

• Where to Find the VIN
• Structure of the VIN
• Auto Manufacturers Supported

Why Choose VinCheck.info’s Free VIN Decoder

• Other Tools from VinCheck.info
• Frequently Asked Questions on VIN Decoding

The Vehicle Identification Number   (VIN) consists of 17 characters, a combination of letters and numbers, that acts as a vehicle’s fingerprint. Each character reveals information about the manufacturer, specific features, and history of the vehicle. Understanding the VIN is crucial for vehicle owners and buyers, as it verifies the vehicle’s authenticity and history. A VIN lookup provides a comprehensive report on the car’s make, model, year of manufacture, past ownership, and accident history, which is invaluable for making informed purchasing decisions and ensuring the vehicle’s safety and legality.

The VIN is also essential for legal and administrative processes like vehicle registration, insurance coverage, and warranty claims. Properly maintaining and documenting your VIN helps avoid costly complications. Savvy car owners regularly check their VIN, leveraging it to make confident decisions, protect their investment, and ensure a safer driving experience.

Where to Find the VIN Number

The VIN locations can vary depending on the type of vehicle. Here’s a guide to help you find it:

Passenger Vehicles

• Dashboard : At the corner of the dashboard, visible through the windshield on the driver’s side.
• Driver’s Side Door Jamb : Open the driver’s door and inspect the door frame or door post for a sticker or metal plate with the VIN.
• Engine Block : Engraved on the engine block; this requires lifting the hood.

Commercial Vehicles

• Pickup Trucks, Cargo Vans, Box Trucks : On dashboard (visible through the windshield), the driver’s side door jamb, and the engine block.
• Semi-Trucks and Trailers : Inside the driver’s side door jamb and stamped on the frame near the front.

Motorcycles and Similar Vehicles

• Motorcycles, Scooters, Mopeds : On the right side of the steering head (turn handlebars left), engraved on the frame near the engine, or on the engine case.
• ATVs : On the frame, often near the front or under the seat, and sometimes on the engine case.

Recreational Vehicles (RVs)

• Motorhomes : On the dashboard visible through the windshield, inside the driver’s door jamb, and stamped on the frame.
• Travel Trailers and Fifth-Wheel Trailers : Stamped on the trailer frame, usually at the front, and sometimes inside a cabinet or on the entry door frame.

Specialty Vehicles

• Buses and Emergency Vehicles : On the dashboard visible through the windshield, inside the driver’s door jamb, and stamped on the frame.
• Taxis, Ride-Sharing Vehicles, and Livery Vehicles : On the dashboard visible through the windshield and inside the driver’s door jamb.

Document Locations

• Vehicle Title : Listed on the title documents, proving ownership.
• Registration Documents : On registration documents issued by the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV).
• Insurance Documents : On insurance policies, to accurately identify the insured vehicle.

Understanding the Structure of the VIN

Characters 1-3: World Manufacturer Identifier (WMI)

The WMI identifies the vehicle’s country of origin and the manufacturer. The first to third characters represent the country where the vehicle was manufactured, the  manufacturer’s division or the vehicle type, the vehicle’s model or manufacturing division, respectively.

Characters 4-8: Vehicle Descriptor Section (VDS)

The VDS section points to specific details about the vehicle, including its body type, engine type, series, and more. It may vary in length and content depending on the manufacturer and the specific vehicle.

• Model Information: Concise representation of the model name or a combination of characters indicating the model.
• Body Style: Whether the vehicle is a sedan, coupe, convertible, SUV, truck, etc.
• Engine Type: Whether the vehicle is powered by an inline engine, a V engine, diesel engine, or other types.
• Trim Level: Various features, options, and upgrades, which helps distinguish between different configurations of the same model.
• Other Vehicle Specifics: Depending on the manufacturer, additional details like safety features, special packages, or specific equipment.

The VDS code is not standardized across all automakers since they may use this section to encode various details based on their own internal coding systems.

Characters 9-17: Vehicle Identification Section (VIS)

The VIS provides information about the vehicle’s model year, assembly plant, and the serial number of the vehicle as it came off the assembly line. The 9th character is often used to check the VIN’s accuracy.

Character 10: Vehicle Identification Section – Model Year

The 10th  character represents the model year of a car.

VinCheck.info offers a thorough analysis of a vehicle’s history and specifications. Here’s what you can expect:

• Vehicle Details : Get comprehensive information on country of origin, maker’s name, engine type and size, model year, and more.
• Vehicle Ownership History : Review the number of previous owners, the duration of ownership, and registration details, including the state of registration.
• Title History : Access information about previous title transfers, salvage titles, or any branding issues that could affect the vehicle’s value or legality.
• Flood or Salvage History : Identify any past flood damage or salvage history, helping you avoid vehicles with potential hidden problems.
• Odometer Readings : Verify the accuracy of the vehicle’s odometer to protect against potential fraud or tampering.
• Lien and Loan Records : Check for existing liens or outstanding loans on the vehicle, ensuring a smooth ownership transfer and avoiding complications.
• Ownership Costs : Receive an estimate of the expenses associated with owning and operating the vehicle, including purchase price, depreciation, fuel consumption, insurance premiums, maintenance costs, taxes, and financing charges.
• Current Warranty : Review the type of coverage and warranty status available for the vehicle.
• Accident History : Understand any reported accidents or collisions, providing insight into past damages and repairs.
• Recalls and Defects : Learn about recent recalls, their impact on performance and safety, and available remedies.
• Market Value : Get an estimate of the vehicle’s average market value in your area.
• Sales History : View historical listings for the vehicle, whether sold privately or through a dealership.
• Equipment Details : Find information on equipment such as air conditioning, mirrors, safety features, and tires.
• Fuel Efficiency : Check the vehicle’s city and highway mileage per gallon, fuel capacity, and fuel type.
• Crash-worthiness : How the vehicle protects occupants in a crash
• Crash Avoidance and Mitigation : Technologies designed to prevent or lessen the severity of a crash

VinCheck.info Supports all Manufacturers

Acura   Alfa Romeo   Aston Martin   Audi   Bugatti   BMW   Buick   Cadillac   Chevrolet   Chrysler   Dodge   Ferrari   Fiat   Ford   GMC   Honda   Hummer   Hyundai   Infiniti   Isuzu   Jaguar   Jeep   KIA   Lamborghini   Land Rover   Lexus   Lincoln   Lotus   Mazda   McLaren   Mercedes-Benz   Mercury   MINI   Mitsubishi   Nissan   Pontiac   Porsche   Rolls-Royce   Subaru   Suzuki   Tesla   Toyota   Volvo   Volkswagen

Free VIN decoders, such as those provided by VinCheck.info, can be reliable and offer a wealth of information. However, the comprehensiveness of the report may vary, and it’s often recommended to use reputable sources like VinCheck.info for accurate data.

If the VIN on your vehicle doesn’t match the documents, it’s important to investigate further as this could indicate potential fraud or clerical errors. Contact the seller, dealership, or a legal authority to resolve the discrepancy.

VinCheck.info’s VIN decoder offers a comprehensive, free report that includes detailed information about the vehicle’s specifications, history, ownership, title issues, accident history, and more, sourced from reliable databases such as government agencies and insurance companies.

Yes, VinCheck.info offers a 100% free VIN decoding service. They fund the service through advertisements, ensuring users can access comprehensive vehicle history reports without any cost.

VinCheck.info ensures user data security and privacy. The information provided for the VIN check is used solely for generating the vehicle history report and is not shared with third parties.

Other VIN-based Tools and Resources from VinCheck.info

All these vehicle research tools offer comprehensive vehicle history reports absolutely free – great alternatives to pricey car reports.

Free VIN Recall Check Free Motorcycle VIN Check Free ATV VIN Check

If the VIN is not available, VinCheck.info offers a free license plate lookup that can yield the same results as a free VIN check.

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Popular health supplements are causing liver damage, research shows

• Published: Aug. 09, 2024, 7:47 a.m.

Turmeric is one of six supplements causing health issues requiring hospitalization, researchers have found. (Getty Images) Getty Images

• Ann Marie Barron | [email protected]

STATEN ISLAND, N.Y. — Popular supplements used by more than 15 million Americans may be putting their liver health at risk, according to health researchers.

Research has revealed the extent of the damage being caused by taking popular botanical supplements including turmeric, green tea, the stress-relieving ashwagandha and weight-loss aid Garcinia cambogia.

For this most recent study, University of Michigan health researchers in Ann Arbor looked at data from 2017 to 2021, covering 9,685 people, and found that nearly 4.7% of U.S. adults had used one of the six potentially toxic supplements within the previous 30 days. The resulting paper, “Estimated Exposure to 6 Potentially Hepatoxic Botanicals in U.S. Adults,” appeared in JAMA Network Open this month .

Supplement users were mostly taking these botanicals on their own, not under medical advice, for a range of issues: Turmeric is taken for joint health and arthritis, green tea extract is thought to boost energy levels, G. cambogia is taken for weight loss, black cohosh is taken to manage hot flushes and red yeast rice is taken for heart health.

The study was specifically concerned with green tea extract, not drinking tea, which has no link to liver toxicity – though a limit of eight cups a day is recommended, according to a report in New Atlas, a science and technology publication.

And while news of liver toxicity connected to these supplements is not new, having been reported to be on the rise for some time now, including in this 2022 study , medical researchers are concerned that people are unaware that they come with a serious risk of overdose.

Hospitalizations increased from 7% to 20% over the decade between 2004 and 2014, the new study found.

“Use of herbal and dietary supplements (HDSs) accounts for an increasing proportion of drug hepatotoxicity cases,” researchers, led by Alisa Likhitsup, an assistant professor of gastroenterology, told New Atlas

Drug-induced hepatotoxicity is an acute or chronic liver injury also known as toxic liver disease, with a host of symptoms including yellowing of the skin, fatigue, nausea, rash, itching and upper-right abdominal pain, according to the National Library of Medicine. And, while it can be treated by removing the toxic trigger, it can lead to serious consequences — including the patient needing a liver transplant or even death if it is left untreated.

The researchers are not campaigning for abstinence, but urge users to be vigilant with ingredients and dosages, especially if they’re taking a combination of them or other medications, according to the report.

“In light of the lack of regulatory oversight on the manufacturing and testing of botanical products, it is recommended that clinicians obtain a full medication and HDS use history when evaluating patients with unexplained symptoms or liver test abnormalities,” they wrote in the study. “Considering widespread and growing popularity of botanical products, we urge government authorities to consider increasing the regulatory oversight on how botanicals are produced, marketed, tested, and monitored in the general population.”

‘A coin flip’

Regulatory processes surrounding these supplements are not as stringent as for prescription medicines, and chemical testing of products has revealed inconsistencies between what’s advertised on the bottle and what dose is in a tablet, researchers reported.

“In a previous study, we found that there was a great deal of mislabeling of some of these products,” said Dr. Robert Fontana, a Michigan Medicine a hepatologist, professor of medicine and the study’s senior author.

“We performed analytical chemistry and found about a 50% mismatch between stated ingredients on the label and what they actually contained, which is quite alarming,’' Fontana said. “If you buy a supplement and it says it has a certain ingredient, it’s basically a coin flip if that’s true or not.”

In the studied population, the highest proportion of people consumed turmeric (3.46%), followed by green tea (1.01%), ashwagandha and black cohosh (0.38%), garcinia cambogia (0.27%), and red yeast rice products (0.19%), researchers reported.

And clinical trials into the efficacy of these supplements have not provided robust evidence of their benefits compared to their risks when they’re taken at higher doses, the researchers reported.

Safe amounts of each supplement depends on any prescription medicines an individual may be taking, as well as their baseline liver health and other medical conditions.

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Favorable views of Supreme Court remain near historic low

Following a term in which the Supreme Court made consequential rulings on presidential immunity, government regulation of business, abortion and other issues, the court’s public image is little changed from last year.

Pew Research Center conducted this survey to assess the public’s attitudes about the Supreme Court. For this analysis, we surveyed 9,424 adults from July 1 to 7, 2024.

Everyone who took part in this survey is a member of the Center’s American Trends Panel (ATP), a group of people recruited through national, random sampling of residential addresses who have agreed to take surveys regularly. This kind of recruitment gives nearly all U.S. adults a chance of selection. Surveys were conducted either online or by telephone with a live interviewer. The survey is weighted to be representative of the U.S. adult population by gender, race, ethnicity, partisan affiliation, education and other factors. Read more about the ATP’s methodology .

Here are the questions used for this analysis , the topline and the survey methodology .

Fewer than half of Americans (47%) now express a favorable opinion of the court, while about half (51%) have an unfavorable view, according to a Pew Research Center survey conducted July 1-7, 2024.

Opinions of the court have become slightly more positive since last year, when 44% of Americans had a favorable impression. However, favorable views of the Supreme Court remain close to that three-decade low. The court’s favorable rating is 23 percentage points lower than it was in August 2020.

How Democrats and Republicans see the Supreme Court

Just 24% of Democrats and Democratic-leaning independents view the Supreme Court favorably. That is unchanged since last year, and ties the court’s lowest favorable rating from either party in more than 30 years.

As recently as 2021 – before the court’s 2022 decision to overturn the federal right to abortion, as well as other controversial rulings – nearly two-thirds of Democrats had a favorable impression of the Supreme Court.

By contrast, Republicans are much more likely to view the court favorably, with 73% holding a positive opinion. Republicans’ opinions of the court have changed much less than Democrats’ views in recent years.

Perceptions of the Supreme Court’s ideology

Nearly half of Americans (48%) view the Supreme Court as conservative, while 42% see it as “middle of the road.” Only 7% describe the court as liberal.

Public perceptions of the Supreme Court’s ideology have not changed much in the past year. Since 2020, however, the share of Americans saying the court is conservative has increased 18 points. That year, 56% said the court was middle of the road, while 30% viewed the court as conservative and 12% said it was liberal.

Democrats are much more likely than Republicans to view the Supreme Court as conservative. Seven-in-ten Democrats say the court is conservative, but just three-in-ten Republicans say the same.

By comparison, Republicans are more than twice as likely as Democrats to say the court is middle of the road (59% vs. 25%).

Views of the Supreme Court’s power

Half of Americans say the Supreme Court has the right amount of power, while 42% say it has too much power. Just 6% say the court has too little power. These opinions have not changed much since 2023, when 51% of Americans said the court had the right amount of power and 40% said it had too much power.

Democrats are nearly three times as likely as Republicans (62% vs. 22%) to say the court has too much power. By contrast, when asked the same question in 2020, similar shares of Democrats (64%) and Republicans (66%) said the court had the right amount of power.

Demographic differences in views of the Supreme Court

Here’s a closer look at how different groups of Americans see the Supreme Court.

• More than half of women (53%) view the court unfavorably, while a similar share of men (52%) hold a favorable view.
• Two-thirds of Black adults express an unfavorable opinion of the court, compared with roughly half of Hispanic, Asian and White adults. 
• About four-in-ten adults under 30 (37%) have a positive impression of the court. In contrast, 54% of those ages 50 and older say the same. 

Differences within parties in views of the court

Democrats with lower levels of educational attainment view the Supreme Court more positively than those with higher levels of education. About a third of Democrats with some college or less education (29%) view the court favorably, compared with just 15% of Democrats with at least a bachelor’s degree.

The opposite is true among Republicans. About eight-in-ten Republicans with a postgraduate degree (81%) have a favorable opinion of the court. A smaller share of Republicans with a high school diploma or less education (69%) share this view.

Older Republicans continue to view the court more favorably than younger Republicans do. About eight-in-ten Republicans ages 50 and older (83%) see the court positively, while 63% of GOP adults under 50 say the same.

Supreme Court justices and their political views in court

When it comes to Supreme Court justices keeping their political views out of their decision-making, 18% of Americans say the justices are doing an excellent or good job of this, while 55% say they are doing an only fair or poor job.

Democrats are much more likely than Republicans to say the justices are not doing a good job keeping their personal politics out of their decisions.

About three-quarters of Democrats (73%) say justices are doing an only fair or poor job at keeping their views out of their judgments, while just 6% say they are doing an excellent or good job.

Republicans are more divided in these assessments: 32% say justices are doing an excellent or good job, while 39% say they are doing an only fair or poor job.

Overall, 87% of Americans say the justices should not bring their political views into decision-making; just 11% say they should. Comparable majorities of Democrats and Republicans say the justices should not bring personal politics into decisions.

Note: This is an update of a post originally published July 21, 2023, by Katy Lin and Carroll Doherty. Here are the questions used for this analysis , the topline and the survey methodology .

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Joseph Copeland is a research analyst at Pew Research Center .

Striking findings from 2023

Most of biden’s appointed judges to date are women, racial or ethnic minorities – a first for any president, most americans favor maximum age limits for federal elected officials, supreme court justices, in divided washington, americans have highly negative views of both parties’ leaders, growing share of americans see the supreme court as ‘friendly’ toward religion, most popular.

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Iran is targeting the U.S. election with fake news sites and cyber operations, research says

Iran is stepping up its influence campaign aimed at the U.S., researchers at Microsoft said in a new report , adding to the ongoing efforts by Russia and China to sway American public opinion before the presidential election. 

Researchers identified websites that they attributed to the Iranian operation, aimed at voters on the political left and right. One website, Nio Thinker, bills itself as “your go-to destination for insightful, progressive news and analysis that challenges the status quo” and hosts articles that bash former President Donald Trump and hail Vice President Kamala Harris as “our unexpected, awkward savior.” 

Another site identified by researchers, Savannah Time, poses as a voicey conservative local alt-weekly. “We’re opinionated, we’re noisy, and we’re having a good time,” the about section of the site says. It hosts articles claiming to be written by “the spokeswoman for the International League for Women’s Rights,” arguing for more modest Olympics beach volleyball bathing suits, next to articles lauding Iran’s military might. 

The Microsoft Threat Analysis Center noted the sites were likely using artificial intelligence tools to lift content from legitimate U.S. news publications and repackage articles in a way that hides the content’s source. 

The group behind the sites, according to Microsoft, is part of a larger Iranian operation, active since 2020, that operates more than a dozen other fake news sites targeting English-, French-, Spanish- and Arabic-speaking audiences. The campaign has not found significant success with a U.S. audience, and the sites’ content has not been shared widely on social media, according to the researchers. But researchers say the sites could be used closer to the election. 

Beyond the effort to sow controversy and divide Americans before the vote, researchers said another group linked to the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps targeted a “high-ranking official on a presidential campaign” in June with a spear-phishing email from a compromised email account of a former senior adviser and attempted to access an account belonging to “a former presidential candidate.” The report did not name the people who had been targeted. 

Iran’s United Nations mission did not immediately respond to a request for comment but denied the reports of meddling in a statement to The Associated Press : “Iran has been the victim of numerous offensive cyber operations targeting its infrastructure, public service centers, and industries. Iran’s cyber capabilities are defensive and proportionate to the threats it faces. Iran has neither the intention nor plans to launch cyber attacks. The U.S. presidential election is an internal matter in which Iran does not interfere.”

Microsoft’s report also noted continued activity by Russia, including an operation by a group researchers call Storm-1516 , which produces propaganda videos in support of Trump and Russian interests and distributes them through a network of fake news websites connected to a former U.S. police officer. China-linked actors, the report said, had also pivoted increasingly to spreading propaganda via video and had leveraged a network of online accounts to stoke outrage around pro-Palestinian university protests. 

The researchers reported an expectation that Iran, along with China and Russia, would intensify cyberattacks against candidates and institutions and increase efforts to divide Americans with propaganda and disinformation in the run-up to the election.

Brandy Zadrozny is a senior reporter for NBC News. She covers misinformation, extremism and the internet.