essay on poor hygiene

Health and Hygiene essay for Students and Children

500+ words essay on health and hygiene.

In modern times, it has become so important to take care of one’s health and hygiene. With the rising population levels, pollution levels, emission of harmful gases, it has to be a priority for everyone to maintain their health and hygiene. The health and hygiene essay guides you the different ways into which a person should be aware of his/her health. 

For the human body, health is a positive state where every part of the mind and body is in harmony. Additionally, it is also functioning and balancing the other parts. Thus, in other words, when all parts of the body are functioning well, this physical well-being state of the human body is called health. It is well said and proved that a healthy person is someone who has a sound body and a sound mind. Health is one of the characteristics of life that helps a person live longer. 

According to WHO, health is a state of complete mental, spiritual, physical, and social well being and not only the absence of disease. If a person is in a good physical state and free from any diseases but is under constant stress, greed, tension, anger, etc, then that person is not healthy. 

Hygiene refers to good practices and rituals that prevent diseases and leads to good health. Thus, it mainly includes proper sewage disposal, cleanliness, and safe drinking water supply. So, it includes all the activities that are done for preserving and improving as well as maintaining sound health. 

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Good habits for Better Health and Hygiene

Nutritious food .

For good health, one needs to eat wholesome food. Some part of the food that we take in serves as fit to keep the body warm. While another part results in the flesh that helps in giving strength. One of the most nutritious food is considered as pure milk. There are many other things like vegetables that we generally take in order to have nutritious food. For a human body, a mixed diet is considered the best option. It should have an adequate amount of minerals, vitamins, and calories required to run our body. 

One of the major sources of good health and hygiene is pure water. Although it seems like a normal thing, water is one essential that makes up our body. Many people get sick because of drinking impure water. Also, it mostly happens in villages where people bathe, washcloths, and clean the cattles in the same water. Thus, when this water is used for drinking purposes, then it may result in hazardous health. 

Cleanliness

Cleanliness is one of the most important elements of good health. Thus, it is an important hygiene habit to keep yourself and your surroundings neat and clean. Whenever there is dirt, there are germs that thrive in it. Also, the dirt is light in air and thus it moves around in the air. So, a dirty man is often the one that is attacked easily with various diseases. 

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The Impacts of Personal Hygiene on Your Health

Our grooming routines not only make a statement about us, but also directly affect underlying health..

Tim is a senior writer and Research Team lead at Innerbody Research.

On a basic level, personal hygiene means cleaning and grooming your body, nails, hair, and teeth. It also extends to your clothing and the tools that you use for cleaning and grooming. Keeping spaces like your bathroom clean is often an extension of good personal hygiene.

What many people don’t often consider is how personal hygiene can affect numerous aspects of your life. It may improve health and limit the risk of illness or disease. It can also make you feel better about yourself, improve your work life, and make you more confident and approachable in social settings.

The effects go beyond physical health and socializing. Poor hygiene can cause or exacerbate depression or anxiety problems and make a person isolate themselves.

Many people learn oral hygiene and bathing habits at a young age and shaving, laundry, and other practices when they get older. Because of this progression, poor personal hygiene is a sensitive topic. You may be reluctant to bring up issues because you do not want to offend the person or criticize them for not doing something they should have learned at a young age.

However, this is an essential issue because hygiene choices have a profound impact on quality of life as well as mental and physical health. Here is a closer look at how proper and poor hygiene can affect your life.

Effects of Good Personal Hygiene

Each person’s idea of good personal hygiene may differ slightly because of upbringing, culture, or available resources. However, certain basic practices are almost universally accepted as good hygiene. These practices will help you experience the positive effects of good personal hygiene.

Here are basic cleanliness practices necessary for general health, disease prevention, and confidence.

• Bathing regularly : A shower or bath is not only necessary to remove dirt, bacteria, and external substances. It also helps wash away natural oils and dead skin, which build up on the surface of your body.
• Trimming your nails : Keeping your fingernails and toenails trimmed and in good shape will prevent problems such as infected nails and digits. Also, bacteria can get stuck under nails, increasing the danger of illness or infection.
• Brushing teeth : Most dentists recommend brushing teeth two or three times per day. You should also floss to clean the area between teeth. Depending on your level of oral health, you may also need to use mouthwash daily. These practices help limit oral bacteria, prevent tooth decay, and fight low-grade infections in your gums.
• Washing your hands : Washing your hands keeps you from contaminating food or bringing unwanted bacteria or viruses to others. Handwashing is helpful before preparing or eating food, touching your face, or preparing your sleeping space.

These practices provide a solid base for a personal hygiene regimen. Here are some of the benefits of performing these tasks daily.

Disease Prevention

Good personal hygiene is the best way to protect against preventable illnesses. Here is a list of very common conditions that you can avoid with proper personal cleaning practices.

• Athlete’s foot
• Chronic diarrhea
• Tooth decay
• Gum disease
• Folliculitis (inflamed hair follicles)
• Urinary tract infection

Even something as simple as handwashing can have a significant positive impact on your health. According to WHO, hands are the main surface for disease transmission .

In many places, diarrhea from disease is the main cause of death for children. However, a review of data by the CDC showed that handwashing with soap can cause a 42% to 47% reduction in instances of diarrhea in children.

Improves Overall Health and Wellness

Personal hygiene helps you protect against certain diseases. It also brings a higher level of overall health and wellness. Your immune system and other essential systems within your body can function better if they are not being bombarded by preventable infections caused by poor hygiene practices.

Also, proper handwashing can limit the danger of contracting a cold or flu virus. Your hygiene practices can also affect those around you. If you are preparing food, caring for children, or working on surfaces used by others, unwashed hands may transmit bacteria, a virus, or other illnesses to those who are close to you.

Improves Personal and Professional Relationships

Poor hygiene may cause issues in social settings. Many people will find it unpleasant to be around someone with a bad body odor or breath. Others may feel that being around someone with inadequate hygiene will reflect poorly on their image in a workplace or social group.

If you have poor hygiene, this avoidance dynamic can make career advancement difficult. Furthermore, it can isolate you both at work and socially.

Those with good hygiene, however, will not experience this barrier when trying to connect with people socially or cooperate with co-workers professionally.

Social and Professional Acceptance

Personal cleanliness alone will not get you more friends or make a job promotion more likely. However, you might consider it a prerequisite for social and professional acceptance. Whether it is fair or not, good hygiene will help create an acceptable image with friends, professional peers, and decision-makers at work.

Without the distraction of poor hygiene, making both social and professional connections easier.

Effects of Poor Personal Hygiene

Poor hygiene affects your outward appearance. Stained clothes, ungroomed hair, long, dirty nails, and oily, patchy skin are signs of a lack of personal care.

People often associate poor hygiene with unpleasant body odor, bad breath, or visible signs of dirt. Some people may also consider rashes, oily skin, or other preventable or treatable appearance flaws as examples of poor hygiene.

Here are some potential effects of poor hygiene.

Depleted Mental Health

Poor hygiene relates to mental health in two ways. First, an unclean appearance can cause social and professional isolation. Feelings of loneliness and failure caused by this isolation can harm your mental health and lead to chronic depression or social anxiety.

In some cases, the progression of poor hygiene and mental health issues gets reversed. People with depression may cease caring about hygiene practices. In these instances, the lack of cleanliness is a symptom of a mental disorder, not its cause.

In both these cases, trying an online therapy service may assist in solving both the mental health and hygiene issues. Because they focus on both cause and symptoms, a therapist can offer a treatment plan that positively impacts both mental and physical health .

When preparing for a therapist appointment , you can consider whether poor hygiene has played a role in your mental health.

Increased Health Risks

Poor hygiene can increase the risk of illness or disease. These are not diseases that you typically catch by chance, but rather are illnesses that come from a lack of personal cleanliness.

Many diseases that affect the skin surface and gastrointestinal tract come from poor bathing practices, wearing dirty clothes, and not washing your hands before handling food. The CDC’s list of hygiene-related illnesses also includes parasitic fungal infections that will remain in or on your body until they are treated.

Lack of Self-Esteem

Self-esteem and physical appearance are closely related to each other . How you care for your body and appearance is closely connected to your self-image. If people avoid you at work or in social situations because of poor hygiene, your self-esteem will likely suffer.

This can lead to a downward spiral with poor self-esteem, causing a why-bother view of personal hygiene and only leading to further avoidance and isolation.

Poor Physical Appearance

A lack of hygiene can also lead to a poor physical appearance. In some cases, an improper bathing regimen may cause skin issues or hair loss. You can reverse these physical appearance problems if you find an effective hair loss treatment or skin medication.

Such treatments can become a part of your hygiene routine going forward. By personalizing your regimen in this way, you ensure that you perform basic hygiene practices and also address specific issues needed for better mental and physical health.

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Innerbody Research does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. You must consult your own medical professional.

Importance of understanding the need of personal hygiene: A comprehensive review

• November 2020
• 05(06):56-61

• Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka

• Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences

• Yenepoya University

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• Health and Hygiene Essay

Introduction to Health and Hygiene

The term "Health" refers to the body's natural and healthy state. It is a wonderful source of calm and joy. A healthy state of mind and a physically fit body are considered to be free of disorder, illness, or disease. Health refers to a person's physical, emotional, and psychological well-being in basic terms. Cleanliness, adequate wastewater disposal, and safe drinking water supply are all examples of hygiene practices that help to avoid disease and promote good health. It encompasses all activities aimed at enhancing, preserving, and maintaining excellent health.

Health and Hygiene

Health is a positive state of being in which all components of the body and mind are in proper balance and harmony with one another. As a result, all of the body's organs are in good working order. It is well believed that only those people may be considered healthy if they have a healthy mind and a healthy body. For a healthy and happy existence, health and cleanliness are essential. In terms of community hygiene, health education is critical. To avoid disease and have a positive attitude about health, you must have accurate and comprehensive health knowledge. 

Hygiene is another word for sanitation and cleanliness. Great personal hygiene is essential for health reasons. One must practice good hygiene. We must cover our mouth while sneezing and immediately wash our hands to prevent the germs from spreading. This shows our consciousness about health through hygiene. Keeping a decent standard of cleanliness prevents the spread of disease. Social awareness must be spread amongst the civilians so that they would realize the importance of hygiene.

What Exactly is Health?

Health is a quality of life that enables you to live a longer life. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health as "a condition of complete physical, mental, spiritual, and communal well-being, rather than only the absence of illness."A person is not regarded as healthy if he is free of sickness or in good bodily shape but is stressed, tense, angry, greedy, or in any other way.

Aspects of Health

Let's look at the health concerns for a moment.

Physical well-being

Mental well-being:

Emotional wellness

The well-being of the community

Spiritual well-being

Hygiene is the science and art of maintaining and improving one's physical and mental well-being. Hygiene enables people to have a healthy interaction with their surroundings. It is applicable to both individuals and communities. Recognize the importance of hygiene and sanitation in maintaining good health.

Our hands keep touching so many surfaces such as handrails, smartphones, steering wheels while driving, etc. Hands are the part of the body that spreads germs the most easily. It takes less than a minute to wash our hands; still, many people refrain from doing this. Good hand hygiene is proven beneficial in preventing the spread of diseases amongst society and family. As per the World Health Organization (WHO), washing hands with soap and water is sufficient to prevent the spread of certain diseases by almost 50%. The next important part of the body that needs proper hygiene is the eye. We are all aware that the eyes are the most delicate part of the body. So taking care of it is not only essential but a necessity. We are surrounded by thousands of electronic things which have a bad impact on the eyes. Keeping the eyes clean must be a frequent task in our daily routine.

While playing in the school, kids must take care of their belongings, such as their water bottles. It is important to keep such things in a clean place. Keeping the bottle here and there and then drinking from the same water bottle is harmful to health. Parents and teachers play a vital role in creating awareness about hygiene in kids.

Hygiene is like a preventive measure that keeps us away from diseases and various other health ailments. No matter how much you care about cleanliness, if the potable water itself is not clean, then it is of no use. Water needs to be not only clean but also healthy. Water is used throughout the day, from drinking, cooking to cleanliness activities. Hence, it is important to use clean water. 

Civilians must be made aware of how to maintain hygiene in public places like hospitals. Hospitals are generally crowded with patients and it is obvious that the place will be a hotspot of bacteria and viruses. Hence, it is important to use hand sanitisers and maintain a safe distance from visibly sick people. The next critical step towards a healthy life is oral hygiene—proper oral hygiene wards off gum diseases, bad breath and many infections. Understanding the importance of hygiene will make it easier to eradicate the disease from the world.

How Do You Keep Your Hygiene?

The only thing that helps a person feel healthy is good hygiene. Otherwise, bacteria developing in the dirt generate a slew of ailments, and our health suffers as a result.

When we are surrounded by cleanliness, it makes us feel happy and motivates us to complete our tasks. If there is dirt surrounding us, no matter how focused we attempt to work, we will not be able to complete the task successfully. Our health will decline as well.

Hygiene is Crucial!

It helps to lessen the need for medical assistance: we are all susceptible to a variety of ailments around the world. Diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, cancer, gastrointestinal problems, asthma, and lung disorders affect a large portion of the world's population. Some of these diseases are deadly, and there is no treatment that can save a person's life. There are extremely few sicknesses in a sanitary living individual. This person will not require medication to remain healthy. It protects against numerous germs and viruses by preserving personal cleanliness.

Health is more valuable than money, and everyone's health is paramount. It has a strong link to hygiene and health. There will be good health when there is cleanliness. Our health is heavily influenced by our surroundings.

FAQs on Health and Hygiene Essay

1. What are some of the ways to maintain personal hygiene?

We come in contact with millions of germs and viruses every day, all of which can make us sick. Some methods for maintaining personal hygiene and preventing the spread of germs and viruses include Toilet and Bath Hygiene: After using the restroom, we should always wash our hands. To maintain our nails clean, we must avoid biting them and trim them on a regular basis. Bacteria and viruses can quickly enter our bodies through the mouth, nose, and eyes. When handling garbage, touching animals, cleaning, etc., we should always wash our hands with soap and water.

2. Why is hygiene important for good health?

It is important to maintain good hygiene in order to avoid the spread of germs and infectious diseases. Coming into close contact with patients, handling contaminated food, and unclean surfaces or things can all pass on germs that cause many diseases. Poor hygiene can readily spread diarrhea, respiratory ailments, tooth decay, and other diseases. Seasonal flu, viruses, and other bacterial illnesses can all be aided by good cleanliness. As a result, sustaining good health requires a high level of hygiene.

3. Where can I find a well-written essay on Health and Hygiene?

You can find a well-written essay on the topic ‘Health and Hygiene’ on many online educational sites such as Vedantu. Vedantu offers well-curated study materials and articles on various topics. Students can find free essays on Health and Hygiene and other commonly-asked topics in exams.

4. Why is it important to train young kids on the importance of hygiene and sanitation?

Antibiotics and vaccinations are becoming less effective against viruses and bacteria. Many of these viruses are now being encountered all over the world, and the world is enabled to cope with them. Germs can readily spread among children because they play outside without paying attention to their health. To avoid getting sick, parents must educate their children on the value of cleanliness. In addition, basic personal cleanliness will help them feel more confident and self-assured. As a result, it is important to teach children about the importance of cleanliness and hygiene.

5. Is writing the Health and Hygiene Essay for Students in English difficult?

Regular practice and back to back sessions on essay writing can help students to write proper English essays. The Health and Hygiene Essay for Students in English requires some prior knowledge about health and hygiene and hence one should study about the same before writing it. After you've grabbed the concepts, the writing part isn't difficult. Vedantu can help you in framing proper English sentences with proper grammar, tone, clarity, and essay.

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Consequences Of Poor Personal Hygiene (Essay Sample) 2023

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The effects of poor hygiene and how to overcome the challenges.

• August 22, 2020

Personal hygiene: it’s one of those delicate topics, but one that must be addressed. The effects of poor hygiene are far-reaching beyond the obvious health concerns. Failing to frequently wash your hands, brush your teeth, and take showers doesn’t just affect you. It affects everyone you interact with. So let’s talk about poor personal hygiene, its impact, and why we need to have daily routines to help keep our hygiene regimen headed in the right direction all the time.

What’s Poor Personal Hygiene?

Poor personal hygiene arises from either intentional or unintentional neglect of your body’s cleanliness and health requirements. Your body begins to look unhealthy, you experience unwanted health concerns, and your overall well-being is affected.

The Instances and Effects of Poor Hygiene

Let’s look at a few areas of concern when it comes to poor personal hygiene:

This is probably the most common evidence of poor personal hygiene. Not only does it lead to discomfort and an embarrassing situation for those around you, but there are also other consequences. You could develop allergies, constant itching, and the result of being socially isolated due to your condition.

When your sweat and the bacteria produced from your apocrine glands interact, it produces body odor. So the more there’s unwashed sweat, the bacteria increases, and the odor gets even worse. But it all starts with poor personal hygiene and bad behaviors like:

• Infrequent showering.
• Wearing dirty, smelly socks
• Not airing your shoes
• Not taking the time to wash your feet
• Wearing smelly, stained, or dirty clothes each day
• Not changing your underwear regularly

Bad Breath and Other Oral Health Concerns

Bad breath (or halitosis ) is another of the effects of poor hygiene that impacts your oral health. When you eat, the bacteria that are present on the food particles get stuck on your teeth. Unfortunately, as these bacteria digest, they produce a strong unpleasant odor that is associated with halitosis.

Poor oral hygiene leads to other problems like tooth decay and bleeding gums. The behaviors that lead to these oral diseases include:

• Irregular brushing of your teeth
• Not flossing every time you brush your teeth
• Neglecting to clean your tongue when brushing your teeth
• Drinking too many acidic drinks too often
• Excessive smoking

Did you know that having the flu can be one of the effects of poor hygiene? You must know how to prevent contamination from any pathogens. You also need to know how to stop the spreading of your germs to other people. Some examples of poor hygiene behaviors in this instance include:

• Not wearing a face mask when you don’t feel well
• Not covering your sneezes and coughs with a cloth or your elbow
• Still going to social gatherings even when you’re ill
• Infrequent hand washing

Lice Infestation

Body lice infestation is quite uncomfortable and hazardous to your health. These lice are small insects that live and lay eggs in clothing and bedding. They also feed on the residues found on your skin.

Lice tend to colonize in your armpits and groin, as these are the areas with a lot of humidity. So, it’s important to take regular baths, and wear clean, fresh clothes each day to avoid any lice infestation.

Avoid doing the following to stave off any such infestation:

• Infrequent showering
• Not changing your bedding at least every week
• Not washing your clothes very well
• Wearing dirty and/or smelly clothes

The Disadvantages of Poor Hygiene

Adverse Impact on Your Social Life

Poor physical hygiene leads to visible markers of poor health in your body. This makes others see you as a source of infections and diseases. For example, excessive coughing and sneezing without any attempt to cover your mouth, and emitting foul odors will lead to people avoiding you. They also won’t tell you what’s wrong, because each person’s hygiene is his/her responsibility.

It Affects Your Presentation

Your presentation is more than your communication skills – it’s the total package. Poor hygiene can negatively affect your presentation. It makes people perceive you differently and they may even make wrong judgments about your abilities and performance.

Adverse Impact on Your Career

Having poor personal hygiene can hinder your career advancement as well. Persons with such issues may have difficulties being promoted or earning pay increases. Furthermore, you may be subject to:

• Jokes about your poor hygiene that damage your reputation at work
• Lower self-esteem and confidence in yourself
• Concerns about the possibility that you may pass contagious illnesses to other members of your team

Poor Personal Hygiene Dampens Your Romantic Life

No one wants to get close to someone with body odors, and who may be sick and/or contagious. So matters of lax personal hygiene will be a block to your ability to form a deep and meaningful romantic relationship.

FAWSsit Can Help You Overcome the Effects of Poor Hygiene

We’ve explored behaviors that lead to poor personal hygiene and its effects. At FAWSsit , we understand that mobility challenges can adversely impact your hygiene. Therefore, we provide several bathroom solutions for people with a range of mobility challenges. Our portable showers easily transform any faucet in your home into a self-contained shower stall. We invite you to explore how our product works to make it easy for you to keep yourself clean all the time. So contact us today to discuss which product works best for you and your needs.

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137 Hygiene Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

🏆 best hygiene topic ideas & essay examples, 💡 interesting topics to write about hygiene, 📌 simple & easy hygiene essay titles, 👍 good essay topics on hygiene, ❓ research questions about hygiene.

• Applying to Dental Hygienist Program When I was in high school, I expected that a DH’s medical repertoire was limited to the field of dentistry. During my visits to the DHs, I learned that communication is an essential part of […]
• Hand Hygiene as an Evidence-Based Practice The structure of the paper includes a critical analysis of the identified everyday practice, interpretation of the types of knowledge informing the issue, and recommendations for future practice.
• Review of Literature about Hand Hygiene The article discusses the issue of infections occurring due to central venous access devices in acute child care settings and the importance of hand-wash hygiene to reduce infections. The effectiveness of a promotion programme on […]
• Filipino Problem: Friendly to Hygiene and Unfriendly to Environment Perhaps, this is one aspect that contributed to the title of the Philippines as the “Manning capital of the World”. Perhaps this is one weakness of the Filipinos against Americans since in America; people practice […]
• Dental Hygienist: Reasons for Choosing This Career As a dental hygienist, one is also expected to take and develop X-rays before a dentist analyzes the structure of teeth for other treatment procedures.
• Why I Want to Enter the Dental Hygiene Profession In this essay, I justify my decision to choose dental hygiene as a profession with reference to experience-based and security-focused factors and explain the profession’s meanings, including promoting happiness and the culture of self-care.
• Importance of Hand-Hygiene to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections Therefore, the persistent use of the tools and the frequency of touching inanimate contact surfaces fosters the importance of exploring hand-hygienic standard practices and the core solutions to the imminent challenges.
• Food Hygiene Inspection of a Food Premises and the Intervention Strategies The need to conduct this inspection was necessitated by the complaints that were received from the customers about the food served at this store.
• Food Hygiene Legislation in the UK For comprehension purposes, the applicable food laws and powers of authorized officers who conducted the inspection are presented briefly in the first section of the report.
• Importance of Hygiene in Healthcare Environment Critics show that although ABHSs are recognized as effective in comparison to alcohol-free sanitizers and washing, there are some issues related to the amount of alcohol in agents.
• Hygiene Programs in the Forestry Industry The industry and practice of forestry include the creation, management, planting, use, conservation, and restoration of forests, woodlands, and related assets for the advantage of people and the environment.
• Artificial Intelligence in Dental Hygiene Dental hygiene consists of treating the oral cavity and ridding the patient of current and potential diseases. In addition, AI will eliminate the need to work with this data and allow more attention to the […]
• Food and Environmental Hygiene Department He also claims that the attendance book was left unattended and thus he filled in information in the absence of the receptionist attendant.Mr.
• The Importance of Hand Hygiene According to the CDC, up to 2 million admitted patients contract HAIs annually in the US. Through hand hygiene, the HAI incidence rate can be reduced.
• Hand Hygiene in the Healthcare Environment Importance of the problem Hand hygiene among nurses and other healthcare providers in a hospital center is important to the mitigation of infections. Nurses need to be guided to an awareness of the importance of […]
• Food Preparation: Workplace Hygiene Thus if the chicken is not properly cooked or stored the bacteria in it can survive and cause food poisoning. Thus the chickens were contaminated by the germs or bacteria that were in the hands […]
• Alternative Dental Hygienist Career This paper examines the dental hygienist’s role in homecare, the scope, and feasibility of the career, retirement license, education, experience, and possible salary and benefits for the employed.
• Dental Hygienist Career and Job Setting One of the significant roles performed by a dental hygienist is periodontal charting, which is the recording of the gingival and overall health of a patient’s oral condition.
• Self-Assessment in Dental Hygiene It is also required so that the hygienist can explain to patients the importance of maintaining the cleanliness of the oral cavity in the most accessible and competent manner.
• The Significance of Dental Hygienists It is essential to keep in mind that dental hygienists operate in conjunction with surgeons and physicians, and that the obstacles that exist in their communication are detrimental to the health of the public.
• The Novant Health Clinics’ Hand Hygiene Problem The company has a multi-stage structure, including a board of directors, which reports to the heads of each of the clinics that manage the rest of the hospital staff.
• Water Consumption and Sleep Hygiene Practices First, I will discuss that safe and sufficient water facilitates the practice of hygiene and well-being and is a critical determining factor for health.
• Hygiene-Related Infections and Self-Reported Performance One of the typical occurrences in the nursing field is a lack of hygiene and the spread of infections. Even though the hospitals may lack the financial resources to purchase adequate disinfectants, the infection control […]
• Hand Hygiene Lab Report: Analysis Hygiene is the essential component of healthcare that allows people to prevent the spread of diseases and decrease the chances of the aggravation of patients’ state in healthcare facilities.
• Malaria: Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Most importantly, it is necessary to note the substantial progress in the global malaria control and elimination effort. However, significant responsibility also lies on the endemic countries that must make internal investments in malaria control […]
• Interdisciplinary of Hand Hygiene Infections acquired in the hospital are currently one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity. What resources are likely to increase the participation of health personnel and patients?
• The Study of Hygiene: Public Health This study, found in the CSU Library, discusses that a pregnant woman’s socioeconomic status is directly related to the quality of care and friendliness of midwives.
• Industrial Hygiene Procedure for Nursing Facility Occupational health problems, accidents, and diseases create a lot of agonies and cost a lot of money, both for the people who are afflicted and for the community in general.
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Study Today

Largest Compilation of Structured Essays and Exams

Essay on Importance of Hygiene (822 Words)

January 22, 2018 by Study Mentor Leave a Comment

Hygiene is an all-inclusive aspect of our life essential for a healthy well-being. It is the factor that determines the health of our body.  Hygiene is the practice of maintaining cleanliness in our daily lives in order to prevent the occurrence of diseases.

Individual hygiene can also play an important role in the hygiene of the society. It is our self-awareness that we are part of a community that urges us to maintain hygiene in our lives. Thus hygiene is an essential part of our day to day lives.  

Table of Contents

Individual Hygiene 

We as individuals can make sure that we practice hygiene. Our food habits, cleanliness and the awareness that we are responsible for our own health shall ease the situation.

We need to ensure that we keep ourselves healthy and clean. For instance, if you are suffering from a cold or a cough, make sure that you use a clean handkerchief or tissue.

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During the time, take necessary precautions so that no one ever gets affected by sitting near you. These are communicable diseases and can easily spread. This is why we have to take the necessary steps to prevent its spread rather than find a cure for it. If we practice a hygienic lifestyle, it will in turn determine the hygiene of our society.  

Hygiene of the society  

Along with individual hygiene, maintaining hygiene of the society is also an important component. Individual and societal hygiene are the two sides of the same coin. Our hygiene is determined by our surroundings and the maintenance of hygiene among other people.

For example, if people live in an overcrowded area with no sanitation facilities and garbage piled up on streets, it is an unhygienic area. People living in slums face this problem the most. In this case, maintaining individual hygiene alone cannot be of any use. Society as a whole should practice hygiene in order to create a clean environment for them.  

Poverty –  The leading cause of lack of Hygiene 

The poor are the worst victims of the lack of proper hygiene among people. Rising population and increased migration to cities may leave the government in a fix, unable to accommodate all in their development policies. But that is no reason for denying them their right to a dignified existence.

Many a time we blame the poor their plight claiming they are responsible for their own hygiene. How can that happen if we don’t give them the basic necessities of life?   

The truth is that it is the upper class sections of society who inflict the most harm upon them. Waste collected from residential areas and factories are dumped near slums. They may have encroached upon land but this was a necessity for survival. Lack of sanitation facilities forces them to openly defecate on streets.  This is a major cause of the spread of diseases.  

Caste discrimination – An indirect reason for Poverty and Lack of Hygiene 

Members of lower caste are ill-treated and forced to live in unhygienic conditions. They are made to do manual scavenging or clean toilets based on the ancient belief that they should practice their hereditary occupation. In such a situation, one can never simply ask the people to mend their ways.

It is mindsets that have to change. We need to realize that the poor never wanted to live such a life. It is the circumstances that pushed them into such an existence. As long as factors such as poverty and caste discrimination exist, proper hygiene in society will always be a far cry. Thus, we should take steps in this direction.  

Swachh Bharat Mission

The present government’s initiative to transform India into a cleaner and greener country is the most revolutionary of all. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan , a mission put forth by Prime Minister Narendra Modi aims to create a clean India according to the vision of Mahatma Gandhi .

It not only aims to maintain cleanliness but also practice hygiene by creating toilets and other civic amenities. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is a mission where the citizens also take up the initiative to practice hygiene through their own innovative methods.

Students are encouraged to engage in cleanliness drives and create awareness in their community about the importance of hygiene. This mission also aims to eradicate manual scavenging. This has proved to be a holistic approach towards hygiene and cleanliness.  

The way forward 

We have set our future path with many goals to achieve and dreams to fulfill. This may be including our career choices, our ambition or our resolve to face challenges that may occur. In the race to get ahead of others, we must not ignore our health.

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Student Essays

Essay on Health & Hygiene | 10 Lines & Short Essay for Students

An Essay on topic Health & hygiene for students that covers all related areas including; 10 lines on health and hygiene, importance, benefits, cleanliness, advantages and benefits of health & hygiene for students.

This short & long essay would helpful children & students of Ukg, Primary, High school students with 100,150,200,500 plus words written essay & Paragraph

Essay on Health & Hygiene | Importance & Benefits, 10 Lines & More Sentences For Students

Introduction

Health means overall welfare of our physical and mental state whereas, hygiene means the practice of maintaining good health to improve our immunity and keep our body away from diseases.

Importance of Health & Hygiene

The way to a fresh mind is a fit body. Therefore,it is very important for every individual to prioritize his health and hygiene over everything.

In absence of health he will not be able to perform his duties because of physical illness and mental disorder.

There are many health problems that occur due to poor hygiene and sanitation like diarrhea, cholera and dysentery. Poor food hygiene can also lead to hepatitis A, food poisoning, gastroenteritis and much more bacterial infections.

Related Essay: Importance of healthy Lifestyle in Life

All these conditions occur due to storing food incorrectly or leaving it out for so long.However, if we take care of ourselves and follow health care tips then we can get rid of these infections.

A hygienic person rarely gets sick because of any disease. He knows the benefits of health and hygiene. Therefore, he takes special care of himself and people in his surrounding too.

A healthy person is neither too slim nor too fat. He knows which foods are good for his body. He does not compromise on his diet.

Many people do not realize the importance of health and hygiene. These people who do not follow a healthy lifestyle are most likely to get chronic diseases.A hygienic person knows that how important it is to maintain personal hygiene.

Most importantly, no one prefers to sit in the company of a person who is unclean and unhygienic. But a person who stays healthy is respected and admired by everyone.

If there is cleanliness around us then our mind automatically gets encouraged to do every work. However, it is very difficult to concentrate on work when there is dirt around us. Therefore, if we want to get focused and successful in life then we must develop a habit of cleanliness.

How to Maintain Personal health & Hygiene

Some of the basic tips to maintain personal hygiene include the following:

A). It is very important to brush two times a day. Along with brushing, flossing is also necessary to prevent a person from having bad breath or any cavity.

B). Taking bath on daily basis is also important to get rid of germs and bacteria.

C). It is very important to wash hands before and after meals. Not just before meals, washing hands is very important after every task like coming back from work place, playing outside and after sneezing or coughing.There are so many germs on the ground that get into our hands and nails and lead to stomach diseases.

D). An individual should cover his mouth while sneezing or coughing. He should know the basic manners that if he does not does cover his mouth then the germ droplets will fall over and make another person sick too.

E). Our clothes should be clean all the time. We should properly dispose waste materials.

F). All fruits and vegetables should be washed properly to remove any bacteria present on their surface. Social awareness should be raised among people regarding benefits of health and hygiene.

If we want to maintain good health then we should keep our surroundings clean too.It is a precious gift that if lost once, does not gets back to you easily in severe diseases.

Related Post : Cleanliness is Next to godliness Essay for Students

The more we keep cleanliness, the more we will stay healthy too. Therefore, we should follow basic cleanliness steps to live a better healthy life and stay away from all diseases.

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Washing hands with plain soap and plain water kills viruses, but only if it’s done thoroughly and often.

This is the latest story in our   Coronavirus Update  series, in which Harvard specialists in epidemiology, infectious disease, economics, politics, and other disciplines offer insights into what the latest developments in the COVID-19 outbreak may bring.

Turns out Mom was right.

Health experts say the best, simplest ways to prevent the spread of COVID-19, the novel coronavirus that has killed more than 3,200 people and affected more than 100,000 around the world, follow the tried and true cold-season admonishments given out for generations. Wash your hands. Cover your mouth and nose when you cough or sneeze. Avoid touching your face. Stay home if you are sick.

But some of the advice has gotten a little more specific.

COVID-19 is spread through respiratory droplets, which typically travel about three to six feet and settle on surfaces, where they can live for a few hours up to several days, according to the World Health Organization. There is a risk of catching the disease by inhaling those particles, but there is a more significant risk of getting it by touching surfaces, such as desks, handrails, or doorknobs, where those droplets may have settled.

“The disease transmission goes from a cough or sneeze to a surface to your hand to your face, and that’s how people get infected,” said Paul Biddinger , director of the Emergency Preparedness Research, Evaluation, and Practice Program, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health . “Good hand washing really matters. If people cough or sneeze into their elbow, that limits the spread of respiratory secretions. What all of us can do together is follow basic hygiene measures that will actually slow the spread of disease in communities.”

“Most people don’t wash their hands very well. As silly as it sounds to go watch a YouTube video on handwashing, people should do it to learn how to do it properly.” Paul Biddinger, Harvard Chan School

Basic hygiene measures may seem obvious, but they are important. Washing hands with plain soap and plain water kills viruses, but only if it’s done thoroughly and often. Hands should be scrubbed for at least 20 seconds, the time it takes to sing the “Happy Birthday” song twice, to ensure germs won’t be transferred to objects or spread from person to person.

“Most people don’t wash their hands very well,” said Biddinger. “As silly as it sounds to go watch a YouTube video on handwashing, people should do it to learn how to do it properly. Washing hands has been clearly proved to decrease disease transmission and lower your chance of getting infected.”

Hand sanitizers may be helpful, if they contain at least 60 percent alcohol, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. But if your hands are dirty or greasy the sanitizer won’t work, which is why the agency favors hand washing. A 2006 study found that hand washing can cut the risk of respiratory infection by 16 percent and a 2008 study showed a 21 percent reduction.

Experts acknowledge the hardest of the self-protective measures to follow is not touching one’s face. A 2015 study that observed medical students at the University of New South Wales found that each of them touched their face 23 times per hour on average.

It’s important to avoid face touching because germs can get into the body through the eyes, nose, and mouth. Contaminated hands can transfer the virus when people rub their eyes, scratch their noses, or touch their mouths. “We all reflexively touch our face,” said Biddinger. “But trying to be more mindful of touching our face decreases our chance of infection.”

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The importance of following basic hygiene measures was highlighted by Mark Lipsitch , professor of epidemiology at the Harvard Chan School and director of the Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics.

“Slowing the epidemic is what we have to do if we can’t stop it,” Lipsitch said in a Facebook Live event on Monday sponsored by the Forum at Harvard Chan School and PRI’s “ The World .”

“All those measures, small as some of they may be, help to slow the epidemic. There is a real coalescence between individually self-protective measures and measures that will benefit the community. Basic hygiene and self-protection measures are in fact socially beneficial.”

In the U.S., the coronavirus death toll rose to 12, and according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the number of reported COVID-19 cases climbed to 148 across 13 states as of March 5. The New York Times reported 163 cases in 18 states.

The World Health Organization said Tuesday that the new coronavirus is deadlier than the common flu, with a mortality rate of 3.4 percent. Seasonal flu kills fewer than 1 percent of those infected.

As the number of new cases outside China surges, concerns of a global pandemic are also rising. According to a March 4 report by the World Health Organization, there were only 120 new cases in China in the previous 24 hours, while 2,223 new cases were reported around the world. Eighty percent of the cases outside China were reported in South Korea, Italy, and Iran.

Health experts expect to see more coronavirus cases in New England, Massachusetts, and the Boston area, but Biddinger reminded the public to consult reputable information sites, such as the CDC or the Massachusetts Department of Health, to quell unfounded fears.

“Fear is not productive, and fear doesn’t protect you from illness in any way,” said Biddinger. “I encourage people to avoid the tremendous amount of misinformation that is out there on different social media sites. People need to get good information because being informed decreases fear, and they need to take basic hygiene measures that protect them. And even though those measures don’t sound very exciting, they are absolutely proved, by the data, to protect your health.”

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• Open access
• Published: 05 August 2024

Personal hygiene practice and associated factors among elementary school students in Fiche Town, Oromia, Ethiopia

• Getaneh Haile Minda 1 ,
• Habiteyes Hailu Tola 1 ,
• Abebe Feyissa Amhare 2 ,
• Asefa Kebie 1 &
• Tewodros Endale 1  

BMC Infectious Diseases volume  24 , Article number:  781 ( 2024 ) Cite this article

Metrics details

Students in school are more likely to be sick from communicable diseases like diarrheal illnesses, acute respiratory infections, and other illnesses linked to poor personal hygiene. Poor hygiene practices are common among school children and put their health at risk, which in turn has several consequences. These include significant school absences, transmission of infectious diseases to other students, and missed workdays for parents and guardians. However, there is limited evidence on the level of personal hygiene practice and its associated factors among school students. Thus, this study was aimed at determining personal hygiene practice level and its associated factors among elementary school grade (5–8) students in Fiche town, Oromia, Ethiopia, in 2022.

A cross-sectional study design was conducted from April 29 to May 29, 2022, in Fiche town, Oromia regional state, among 534 elementary school students. A multi-stage probability sampling technique was used to select the individual students. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. The data was entered into epi-data version 4.6 and analyzed by SPSS version 26.0. Variables that scored a p-value less than 0.2 during bivariate analysis were included in multilevel logistic regression models to determine factors associated with personal hygiene practice. The odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was estimated, and the level of significance was set at \(\:\le\:\) 0.05.

The magnitude of good personal hygiene (scored above the mean) was 59.2% (95% confidence interval (CI)) (55.1–63.0). A considerable proportion of students scored more than 50% in latrine use (62.5%), regular hand-washing (55.4%), and oral hygiene (55.20%) practices. Being female, having good personal hygiene knowledge, doing hygiene inspections at school, and having latrine accessibility was significantly associated with good personal hygiene among elementary school students.

Considerable proportion of elementary school students in Fiche town have score poor personal hygiene practice. Interventions aimed that target improving knowledge of personal hygiene and hygiene inspection at school are crucial to enhance the personal hygiene among elementary school students.

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Introduction

The term “hygiene” refers to the practice of keeping oneself and one’s surroundings clean, mainly in order to avoid illness or disease spread [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Hygiene is the process of cleansing an environment of any pathogens that could cause illness [ 4 ]. The majority of health problems affecting school students can be prevented by encouraging personal hygiene (PH) practices among schoolchildren and family members. Poor school sanitation and personal hygiene are the main problems with school setup, and it is still a high-risky habit among elementary school students [ 2 , 4 ]. The majority of diarrheal disease-related illnesses could be avoided if schools had a reliable, safe water supply and good sanitation practices [ 2 , 4 ].

Globally, there are 2.4 billion people who live without adequate sanitation; 758 million do not have access to improved water sources; and 673 million still defecate in the open field [ 5 ]. Beyond the immediate implications for the child’s health, poor HP in children can have major economic and social effects, including significant school absences; the spread of infectious agents to others; and lost workdays for parents and guardians. Around 1.9 billion educational days are lost due to sickness each year globally on average due to sickness that could be prevented [ 2 , 4 ].Water-related illnesses account for approximately 443 million school days missed each year in the developing world, making them a major cause of school absences [ 6 ].

Over two million people die each year from diarrheal illnesses, with children being more at risk of dying from these infections [ 7 ]. Over 80% of diseases are linked to poor hygiene in underdeveloped countries [ 7 ]. Poor water, sanitation, hygiene (WASH) accounts for 60% of the burden of communicable diseases (CD) in Ethiopia, and over 250,000 children die yearly [ 6 ]. As a result, CDs are considered the major causes of illness, death, and disability in Ethiopia. Schools with poor hygiene and intense person-to-person contact are highly risky environment for children [ 6 ]. However, few schools in Ethiopia have a water supply and toilet facilities for sanitation and hygiene purposes [ 8 ].

Despite considerable evidence on PH problems among general population in Ethiopia, there is an evidence gap on PH among elementary school students. Moreover, there are limited evidence regarding personal hygiene practices among elementary school students the study area. In addition, students are at greater risk of acquiring diarrheal diseases, acute respiratory infections, and other personal hygiene-related diseases in schools. However, there is limited information on the factors affecting personal hygiene in elementary schools. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the magnitude of personal hygiene and associated factors among elementary school students in Fiche town.

Methods and material

Study design and setting.

An institution-based cross-sectional study design was used to determine personal hygiene practice and its associated factors among elementary school students in Fiche Town, Oromia region, Ethiopia. There were 13 primary schools in the town. Of these, eight were grade 5–8 schools, while five were grade 1–4 schools. Based on the data obtained from the education bureau, of the 9292 primary school students, 4818 were in grades 5–8 and enrolled in school for 2021/22 academic years. This study was conducted in elementary schools in Fiche town from April 29 to May 29, 2022, among all students who were in the secondary cycle (grades 5–8).

Inclusion and exclusion criteria

All grade 5–8 students who admitted for 2021/22 academic year were included in the study. However, mentally and physically incapable students were excluded from the study.

Sample size determination

The sample size was calculated using a single population proportion formula by assuming 30% true population prevalence of good personal hygiene practice among the students [ 6 ], 5% margin of error, 95% confidence interval, and 1.5 design effect. Accordingly, the determined sample size was 323 students. By accounting for the design effect within the clusters (schools and grade) the sample size was increased by 1.5 design effect and the total sample size became 485 students. The sample size further increased by 10% for non-response rate and the total sample size of this study was 534 secondary cycle students.

Sampling procedure

A multi-stage probability sampling method with three stages was used. The first stage was schooled; the second classes; and the third individual students. There were 13 elementary schools in Fiche town; of these, eight schools had a full cycle from grade 1–8. Five schools were selected from the total 13 schools by a simple random sampling method. Of the total 3769 students who were enrolled in grades 5–8 in the 2021/22 academic year, 534 students were selected by proportion of the total number of students in school, and each student was selected by a simple random sampling method using a list of students’ names in each section as a sample frame [Fig.  1 ].

Schematic representation of the sampling procedure of students Fiche town, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2022

Data collections tools and methods

A structured questionnaire was prepared based on a literature review [ 1 , 6 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. It was prepared in English and translated into the local languages (Afan-Oromo and Amharic). The two-day training was provided for five data collectors and supervisors on the study objective, procedure, research ethics, and data collection tools. The students were selected by five teachers, who were school supervisors. After individual students were selected, study objectives and procedures were thoroughly explained for each selected student. Assent was obtained from each family of the student (by sending consent forms to their family) for those younger than 18 years, and written informed consent from students who were older than 18 years. Finally, the structured questions were administered by trained data collectors. The data collection process was supervised by the principal investigator and supervisors.

Data analysis

The data was entered into Epi-Data, cleaned, and recoded. Data was exported to SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 26 for analysis. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage for categorical variables and mean with standard deviation for continuous variables were conducted. Data are presented in text, tables, and graphs. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to assess the factors associated with poor personal hygiene practices. A multilevel logistic regression analysis was applied to account for the corrections at the school, class, and individual levels. It also enables the partitioning of the total variation in the outcome within groups and between school, class, and individual variances by modelling cross-level interaction [ 12 ]. The first level was a school; the second level was classes; and the third level was individual student behaviour. Variables with a p-value ≤ 0.2 during bi-variable analysis were included in the multivariable model by the stepwise model-building method. Multi-collinearity between independent variables was checked by a variance inflation factor (VIF). Model fitness was checked by the Hosmer and Lemeshow goodness-of-fit tests. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were estimated to show the strength and significance of the association between each independent and dependent variable. P \(\:\le\:\) 0.05 was used as a significant association.

Socio-demographic characteristics of participants

From five elementary schools, 534 students were participated in this study with a response rate of 100%. Of 534 participates, 227 (42.5%) were male. The mean age ± standard deviation of the participants was 14.3 \(\:\pm\:\) 1.7 years with the age range of 9 to 22 years. From the total of 534 students, grade five 91(17%), six 159 (29.8%), seven 139 (26%) and eight145 (27.2%) [Table  1 ].

Knowledge of personal hygiene

The majority of the students got personal hygiene information from their families 332 (65.4%). Nearly half (52.2%) of the students had good knowledge of personal hygiene, while 365 (68.5%) had good hand washing, and 449 (84.1%) had good oral hygiene. The majority of the students (84.1%) knew that hand washing is necessary before eating food, and 352 (65.9%) after defecation and 322 (60.4%) after eating food. The majority (90.1%) of elementary students understood cleaning teeth with a chewing stick/toothpaste and brush to prevent tooth decay and the unpleasant odor of breathing [Table  2 ].

Magnitude of personal hygiene practice

More than half of the students had good hygiene practices, while 318 (59.60%) had good hand washing practice [Fig.  2 ]. Almost all (98.7%) elementary school students were practicing regular bathing. Of the students who took a bath, the majority (76.1%) took it once a week. Most (83.1%) of the students have experience of hand washing with soap or ash. The majority of the students (88.4%) brushed their teeth; of those who brushed their teeth with a brush and soap, 331 (62.0%) and only 147 (27.5%) brushed twice per day (morning and night). Almost all (97.6%) students washed their faces. Among those who washed their faces, 247 (46.3%) washed with soap twice a day, and 520 (97.4%) trimmed their nails regularly [Table  3 ].

Magnitude of hygiene practice of elementary school students in Fiche town, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2022

About two thirds (65.5%) of the students stated that there was a weekly personal hygiene inspection in school. All elementary schools had latrine facilities in their compound, but the available latrines were not adequate for the number of students (i.e., the toilet to setting pit ratio was 0.009 for females and 0.008 for male students). One-fourth of the students practiced open field defecation.

The majority (87.1%) of students have received health education on personal hygiene which given by teachers (81.7%), health professionals (32.3%), non-governmental organizations (6.9%), school clubs (23.4%), and media (23.9%). Most (70%) of the students participated in hygiene-related clubs such as sanitation and hygiene (40.4%) and menstrual hygiene clubs (40.8%) [Table  4 ]. About two third (65.5%) of the students were stated as they had weekly personal hygiene inspection. Among the 401 students, 394 (73.8%) washed their hands after eating and 365 (68.4%) washed their hands after using the toilet. Nearly half of the students had hand washing practice after critical time [Fig.  3 ].

Shows the percentage distribution of (Use soap/ash during hand washing before eating ( A ), Always wash hands with soap/ash after eating ( B ), Always wash hand with soap/ash after visiting toilet ( C ) and hand washing after critical time ( D ) in Fiche town, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2022

The children in this study area had diarrhea the last two weeks before data collection 43(8.1%) and headaches 86(16.1%) (Fig.  4 ).

Shows that students having illness before the last two weeks of data collection among elementary school students in Fiche town, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2022

Factors associated with personal hygiene practice

Being female students (COR = 1.9, 95% CI (1.3– 2.7); p  < 0.001), having mother who attended primary and secondary school (COR = 2.1, 95% CI (1.4 − 3.1); p  = 0.001) and Diploma or above (COR = 1.9, 95%CI (1.1–3.2), p  = 0.013) were significantly associated with personal hygiene practice Family size less than or equal to five (COR = 1.8, 95% CI (1.3–2.6), p  = 0.001), Being received health education on personal hygiene (COR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.9–5.4; p  < 0.001), being participated in health-related clubs (COR = 2.1, 95% CI (1.4–3.0); p  < 0.001); and being trained in personal hygiene (COR = 1.5, 95% CI(1.1 − 2.2); p  = 0.017) were significantly associated with personal hygiene practice in unadjusted analysis. Moreover, availability of school personal hygiene inspection (COR = 2.1, 95% CI (1.5–3.0, p  < 0.001), having good knowledge on oral hygiene, (COR = 2.0, 95% CI (1.3 − 3.2); p  < 0.000), hand washing (COR = 2.2, 95% CI (1.5 − 3.1); p  < 0.001), and personal hygiene (COR = 2.4, 95% CI (1.7 − 3.4); p  < 0.001) were significantly associated with personal hygiene [Table  5 ].

In multivariate multilevel logistic regression model, being female student (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI (1.1 − 2.8); p  = 0.013), availability of school personal hygiene inspection (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI (1.1 − 3.2); p  = 0.015), and good knowledge towards overall personal hygiene (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI (1.3 − 4.1); p  = 0.005) were significantly associated with good personal hygiene practice [Table  5 ].

This study was conducted to determine personal hygiene practices and their associated factors among elementary school (grades 5–8) students. It revealed that, more than half of the students had a good overall personal hygiene (PH), hand washing (HW), latrine use (LU), and oral hygiene (OH) practices. Personal hygiene knowledge, hygiene inspection in school, and being a female student were significantly associated with personal hygiene practice.

The magnitude of overall good PH was 59.2%, which was higher than the findings of a similar study reported from Mareko District [ 6 ]. This discrepancy could be due to the level of knowledge of children about personal hygiene and the fact that the residence of the previous study was only in town. However, in the current study, the students resided in both urban, semi-urban, and rural areas, which could have an effect on personal hygiene practices. In contrast, the results of the current study are similar to those of the previously reported studies [ 13 ]. In the present study, the overall personal hygiene knowledge of students was half, which was higher than the survey study reported by rural students from China [ 14 ]. This difference may be due to the setting of the study. In the current study, the students were residents of mixed setups, while the participants in the study reported from China were purely rural residents [ 14 ].

In the current study area, all elementary schools had toilets, compared with the national minister of education’s report (2017) that 76% of schools in Ethiopia have latrines [ 15 ]. In the current study area, all elementary schools had toilets, compared with the national minister of education’s report (2017) that 76% of schools in Ethiopia have latrines [ 15 ]. In the present study, good LU practice was found to be 62.5%. This finding was higher than the findings of a previous study reported from Mareko District, in which 46% of students practice LU [ 6 ]. Moreover, the present study result on latrine use practice was higher than the previous study reported from Chencha District (33.3%) [ 16 ] and Sigmo (39%) [ 17 ]. The availability of separate toilets by sex (48.0%) and toilet privacy (30.8%) were the main motivators that encouraged students to use the toilet in the present study. This result is in agreement with to the study reported by Mareko 50% [ 6 ]. The result shows that the students stated that 33.1% of the school latrines were inaccessible to students irrespective of their physical disabilities, and 66.9% of the school children stated latrines were not accessible to younger students. This could be due to the design problem (21.8%), the distance from the rooms (12.6%), or the fact that 222 (62.2%) had no reason.

In the current study, hand-washing facilities near the toilet were 38.4% higher compared to the national minister of education’s report of 4.4%. This might be due to the fact that the study area is smaller than the national survey. Good hand washing practice among elementary school children in Fiche town was found to be 59.6%. This is very high compared with a study in Mareko (23%) [ 6 ], Yirgalem Town (39.1%) [ 7 ], Debark Town (52.2%) [ 18 ], Arba Minch Town (22.3%) [ 19 ], and Sebeta Town (32%) [ 20 ]. This could be due to the availability of sanitation facilities in the study areas. However, the present study result is similar to a study reported from India (60%) [ 21 ]. More than half (59.7%) of the students were always washing their hands with soap or ash at critical times. This result was lower than the results reported in studies conducted in Yirgalem town (88.2%) [ 7 ], Bangladesh (71.6%) [ 22 ], and the United Arab Emirate (71%) [ 23 ]. However, the present study result is higher than the studies reported from Mareko (26.8%) [ 6 ] and India (29.1%) [ 24 ]. This difference is most probably due to the difference in the knowledge level of the students about hand washing.

Two-thirds of the students had good knowledge of handwashing practices. This was similar to the study reported from Hosanna town (66.1%) [ 25 ]. However, the result of the current study on knowledge of washing hands with soap is much lower than study reported from Yirgalem (89%) [ 8 ], Bangladesh (89%) [ 22 ] and Saudi Arabia (90%) [ 3 ]. This difference most probably due to the high sample size used in the current study and the educational status of the family.

The proportion of oral hygiene knowledge among the students was 84.1%. However, among elementary school students in Fiche town, good oral hygiene practice was 55.2%. This result was higher than the previous studies reported from different settings. For instance, the studies reported from Ghana (79.9%) [ 13 ] and India (70.4%) [ 26 ], in Southeast Serbia (54.5%) [ 27 ] reported a lower proportion of oral hygiene knowledge. This difference might be due to sample size and oral hygiene-related culture in different study areas.

Almost half (53.2%) of the students were brushing their teeth once a day. The students who brushed their teeth for less than 60 s were 47.9%, which is Debre Tabor [ 28 ]. At Fiche Town Elementary School, 27.5% of students brush their teeth twice a day. This result was much smaller than a study conducted in Saudi Arabia in which 71.7% of elementary school students brushed their teeth [ 3 ]. This difference could be due to differences in study area culture, economic status, and sample size.

Female students were 1.8 times more likely to have good hygiene practices compared with male students. This result was supported by the fact that male students are 0.42 less likely to have good personal hygiene practices in Côte d’Ivoire [ 29 ] and in Bangladesh [ 30 ]. The majority (98%) of men and women agree that washing hands after toileting is important [ 31 ]. Moreover, 91% of women and 84% of men are more likely to report the importance of handwashing after toilet use [ 31 ].

The students who had good knowledge of personal hygiene were 2.3 times more likely to have good personal hygiene practice compared with those who had poor knowledge, and knowledge significantly determined personal hygiene practice. The present study result is supported by a study reported by Mareko [ 32 ] in which personal hygiene practice is 5.1 times higher among those with high knowledge. Moreover, the current study findings are similar to those reported in Debark Town [ 18 ].

Diarrheal diseases alone were responsible for 43 (8.1%) of the school absences in the present study. The current study result is smaller (28.8%) than the results of the study reported by Mareko [ 6 ]. This is most probably due to the water treatment with chlorine 381 (71.9%) and the study area and time. In this study, almost one-third of the elementary school students were suffering from one or more morbidities related to poor personal hygiene practices in the past two weeks.

The nature of the study design and the self-reported data collection tools recall bias (remember the last two weeks of illness and the last dental follow-up). The cross-sectional study design means that because exposure and outcome are simultaneously measured, there is generally no evidence of a temporal relationship between exposure and outcome, which could not enable us to investigate the cause-and-effect relationship.

The overall personal hygiene practice among elementary school children in the study area was minimal. Innervations that would be implemented by schools, teachers, health extension workers, and WASH project officers are required to raise knowledge on personal hygiene practice among elementary students and increase the availability of regular personal hygiene inspections. The availability of personal hygiene facilities at home and in school is crucial to promoting personal hygiene practice. Further research that triangulates quantitative and qualitative data is recommended for a holistic understanding of the problem.

Data availability

All munscript data was there with authors (collected data SPSS result and full research data).

Abbreviations

Adjusted Odd Ratio

Communicable Disease

Confidence Interval

Crude Odd Ratio

Demographic Health Survey

Hand washing practice

Latrine utilization practice

Oral hygiene Practice

Personal Hygiene

Statistical package for Social Science

Water and Sanitation Hygiene

World Health Organization

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge Salale University for funding this study. We would also like to acknowledge the contribution of the Fiche town education office and all selected school administrations for their cooperation and support during data collection. We also appreciate the toleration and cooperation of all data collectors and participants.

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Getaneh Haile Minda, Habiteyes Hailu Tola, Asefa Kebie & Tewodros Endale

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GHM- Conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, funding acquisition, methodology; AFA, AK, TE- data curation, writing a review and editing the manuscript; HHT- Conceptualization, formal analysis, investigation, funding acquisition, methodology, project administration, resources, software, supervision, validation, visualization, writing a review and editing the manuscript.

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Minda, G.H., Tola, H.H., Amhare, A.F. et al. Personal hygiene practice and associated factors among elementary school students in Fiche Town, Oromia, Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis 24 , 781 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09665-7

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Dental hygiene is about more than just maintaining a bright smile. It is intrinsically linked with your overall health. Poor oral hygiene can lead to various dental and medical problems such as gum disease, infection, heart disease, stroke, and even diabetes.

Practices for Optimal Dental Hygiene

Optimal dental hygiene involves several daily practices. Brushing teeth at least twice a day, flossing daily, and regular dental check-ups are the cornerstone of good oral health. Additionally, a balanced diet and limiting snacks can prevent tooth decay and periodontal disease.

Consequences of Neglected Dental Hygiene

Neglected dental hygiene can lead to severe consequences. Tooth decay, gum disease, and tooth loss are direct outcomes. In the long run, these conditions can lead to more serious health complications, including cardiovascular disease, respiratory infections, and diabetic complications.

Conclusion: The Interplay of Dental Hygiene and Overall Health

In conclusion, dental hygiene is a critical facet of health that extends beyond the oral cavity. It is a preventive measure against a range of diseases and a contributor to overall wellbeing. Hence, it’s crucial to adopt and maintain proper dental hygiene practices for a healthier life.

500 Words Essay on Dental Hygiene

Dental hygiene, often overlooked, is a critical aspect of overall health. It involves the maintenance of clean teeth and healthy gums to prevent dental problems such as cavities, gingivitis, and periodontitis. The importance of dental hygiene extends beyond oral health, as poor oral hygiene has been linked with serious health issues like heart disease and stroke.

Components of Dental Hygiene

Mouthwash can also be a valuable addition to a dental hygiene routine. It can reach areas that brushing and flossing cannot, reduce the amount of acid in the mouth, re-mineralize the teeth, and help clean the mouth.

The Role of Diet in Dental Health

Diet plays a significant role in dental health. Consuming a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and low-fat dairy products can provide essential nutrients for optimum oral health. Limiting sugary and acidic foods and drinks can help prevent tooth decay and erosion.

Regular Dental Check-ups

The connection between oral health and overall health.

In conclusion, dental hygiene is an integral part of health that requires consistent care and attention. Incorporating proper brushing and flossing techniques, maintaining a balanced diet, and scheduling regular dental check-ups can significantly improve oral health. Understanding the connection between oral health and overall health can provide further motivation for maintaining good dental hygiene.

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Boost your brainpower: 24 daily sleep hacks for active lifestyles.

1. Introduction

2. materials and methods, 3. pre-sleep phase, 3.1. adherence to the circadian rhythm, 3.2. promotion of a dark environment, 3.3. airplane mode, 3.4. limitation of technology, 3.5. training schedules, 3.6. stress reduction, 3.7. activation of the parasympathetic system, 3.8. maintenance of sleep regularity, 3.9. body weight management, 3.10. impact of music on sleep quality, 3.11. bath or hot shower, 3.12. melatonin, herbs, and tryptophan, 3.13. avoiding alcohol, 4. during-sleep phase, 4.1. environmental temperature and sleep, 4.2. sleeping positions, 4.3. mattress and pillow, 4.4. electromagnetic waves, 4.5. environmental noise, 4.6. wearing an eye mask or earplugs, 4.7. avoiding interruptions, 5. post-sleep phase, 5.1. watching the sun, 5.2. not sleeping during the day, 5.3. engaging in physical exercise, 5.4. limiting caffeine, 6. discussion, 7. limitation, 8. conclusions, author contributions, conflicts of interest.

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Share and Cite

Migliaccio, G.M.; Di Filippo, G.; Sancassiani, F.; Padulo, J.; Russo, L. Boost Your Brainpower: 24 Daily Sleep Hacks for Active Lifestyles. Appl. Sci. 2024 , 14 , 6701. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14156701

Migliaccio GM, Di Filippo G, Sancassiani F, Padulo J, Russo L. Boost Your Brainpower: 24 Daily Sleep Hacks for Active Lifestyles. Applied Sciences . 2024; 14(15):6701. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14156701

Migliaccio, Gian Mario, Gloria Di Filippo, Federica Sancassiani, Johnny Padulo, and Luca Russo. 2024. "Boost Your Brainpower: 24 Daily Sleep Hacks for Active Lifestyles" Applied Sciences 14, no. 15: 6701. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14156701

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